Psychological climate in the family. Kindergarten teachers, school teachers and educators

Types of family psychological climate

The main functions of the family are support, stress relief, love for neighbors, and the desire to help. Emotions are transmitted verbally and non-verbally. Through the emotional state of family members, the world is perceived as a hostile or benevolent entity.

The nervous system is the regulator of body functions. If it is constantly tense, it causes a malfunction in the functionality of the internal organs. It is known that acute respiratory viral infections, tonsillitis, and thyroid problems are the consequences of an unfavorable family climate. In other words, a person does not talk about problems, suffers in silence, gets angry, hates. Negative energy is a real concept, although not visible to the naked eye. It is felt by people who were subjected to criticism, infringement of freedom, and violence in childhood. Such problems are difficult to eliminate in adults, because they become the norm to which the body gets used.

There are 2 types of psychological climate - favorable, unfavorable. To determine the type of family based on this factor, you need to honestly answer several questions:

how often family members spend time together;
whether they enjoy being at home;
is the opinion of children taken into account when solving current issues;
how parents and other relatives—grandparents—interact with everyone else.

If the answers are positive, the atmosphere within the family is favorable. If people do not know the answer to a question or answer negatively, then attention needs to be paid to relationships and their own behavior. Unfortunately, such articles are read by people interested in the psychological climate and trying to maintain it in positive dynamics.

Negative experiences in family relationships are especially dangerous for the growing generation. Children who grew up in a dysfunctional environment have mental disorders, are prone to violence, or vice versa - they take the position of a victim. Children get sick more often and experience anxiety. These are potential clients of psychologists and psychotherapists. They build relationships that resemble their own as children.

The main responsibility for creating and maintaining a psychological climate lies with the spouses. Parents should provide children with positive emotions, since emotional events form the basis of future life: memorable moments will attract similar events. Components of the human brain:

neocortex;
limbic system - emotional brain;
the ancient brain is the cerebellum.

Life events are programmed from childhood - the brain is intensively trained to respond to events. The process of returning to normal life is long and requires constant attention to thoughts and emotional response. If you devote enough time to yourself, you can get rid of unnecessary, constraining fear, which has a negative effect on the personality and suppresses the will.

How to apologize to a guy, ideas

It is not common for guys to be offended so often, but it happens that girls also have to apologize to them for their incontinence or unwittingly given reason for jealousy.

Here are some practical ways:

The well-known fact that the way to the heart is through the stomach is very helpful for a woman in a stalemate situation. You’ll have to pick up a cookbook and prepare a delicious dinner, and then start talking about your wine and proceed to swearing assurances that this will not happen again. A satisfied and well-fed man simply cannot help but forgive his beloved.
A great idea is suggested by a cartoon familiar from childhood, when the cat Matroskin made peace with Sharik, pulling the car out of the snow. Of course, you don’t need to specifically drive a car into a swamp for this, but the idea of joint work that unites is very useful. try to bring it to life, and at least using the example of preparing the same delicious dinner. Here two birds with one stone will be killed at once. All that remains is to choose the moment and apologize.
As a sincere apology, you can give your boyfriend a surprise in the form of a small box with notes. This game is that the offended lover pulls a note a day with a task for the mischievous girl. The notes can contain anything: from a heel massage and cooking your favorite dishes to playing strip cards and something hotter.
Why not give your loved one a small gift along with a request for forgiveness? Remember, maybe he has long dreamed of some trifle that you personally thought was stupid, and give him this ridiculous mug, a subscription to a beer club or a ticket to the dolphinarium. Fulfill your boyfriend's old dream, this will definitely earn his forgiveness.
In the end, send him a long text message with a detailed explanation of your wrongdoing, put a note of apology in his pocket, show up to him with a conciliatory bottle of champagne, or blackmail him by not stopping kissing him until he forgives you. Save your most powerful weapon for last - tears. If all else fails, all that remains is to burst into tears and, burying your face in his shoulder, sincerely apologize.

Psychological climate as a growth factor

The child feels the need for personal growth, especially at the age of 5–12. It is important that relationships based on trust, friendship and love serve as an example. Comprehensive personal development is not empty talk. Often parents, not noticing the child's needs, contribute to his degradation.

Serious outside help is needed here, since alienation arises in the family between parents and children. Since the younger members are financially dependent, they express their dissatisfaction through aggression towards adults, for which they receive punishment. It turns out that the family does not fulfill the main function - relieving stress and fatigue. Some family members try to be at home less often and avoid joint events.

Personal growth is also important for adults. Many have noticed that demonstrated patience and sympathy have a positive impact on the personality of the person who was able to demonstrate it.

The psychological climate in a family with children with developmental disabilities is especially important. Such kids react especially vividly to problematic relationships. They are an indicator of the parents' true feelings. If the relationship before marriage was unconscious and frivolous, at the birth of the baby it becomes aggravated and often falls apart.

Children with Down syndrome and autism develop better when the family atmosphere is favorable. The mother receives enough attention from her husband and feels confident with the child, who needs more attention and love.

It is important that in the process of development the child understands his place in life, opportunities, and prospects. Some children need to create special artificial conditions, because they are spiritually weaker and require a gentle approach. Parents cannot provide such upbringing if they are constantly at war.

Conclusion: you need to make high demands on yourself. Don't be shy to admit when you're wrong. Children value open democratic politics, take an example, and try to imitate. The parent becomes an authority.

How to defuse tension in a team

Conflicts and quarrels in the work team are not much different from family dramas. After all, a person often spends most of his life at work, so it is very important to be able to defuse the situation, otherwise the working atmosphere will be uncomfortable, productivity and motivation will decrease, and the psychological state of employees will worsen.

What are the options?

The most dangerous type of conflict in a team is hidden, which develops unnoticed. The conclusion suggests itself - we need to turn it into an open one! Express out loud all your complaints against each other and discuss them. The main thing is not to get personal and insulting, build a dialogue constructively and thoughtfully. Agree in advance not to raise your voice, communicate with a smile. As a last resort, you can contact your manager for a solution.
If the conflict is escalated by the informal leader of the organization, then the leader’s task is to identify this person and redirect this person’s potential in a peaceful direction, give him a new interesting project or another position, and expand the range of his activities.
In case of situational conflict, the cause of its occurrence must be eliminated. Often it is secondary, insignificant, but in a tense situation, every little thing is important. A simple lack of work space can affect the psychological state of the team, irritate people and encourage quarrels at work. Sometimes simply moving employees' desks away is enough to reconcile and calm them down.
To successfully resolve a conflict with your opponent, you need to let him know that you value his personality and respect his point of view, even if they do not coincide. Your goal is to reach a compromise that is acceptable to both parties.

Socio-psychological family climate

Socio-psychological climate is the quality of relationships in a group of people. It can refer to work or family relationships, since a family is a small group. The intra-family atmosphere affects a person’s future ability to behave non-conflict at work and among friends. By the behavior of individuals, one can tell about their relationship with their parents.

Factors influencing the formation of the socio-psychological climate:

macroenvironment;
microenvironment

Macroenvironment - global factors, including:

economy, degree of development of the state;
the general level of culture in society;
relationships with people outside of this group;
level of public consciousness.

Microfactors include:

financial, social level of family, group;
nature of activity - personal, work;
distribution of roles according to hierarchy;
the quality of physical relationships in the group.

The psychological climate directly affects people's social behavior.

How to defuse a tense situation with a girl, ideas

Relationships that are not registered in an official marriage seem fragile to people, so they are very afraid of conflicts and try with all their might to extinguish them at the very beginning.

Here are a few softening phrases that will help defuse the situation with a girl:

Let's talk to you calmly, we just can't hear each other!
You're so upset today, what happened? Share with me.
This is a very difficult question, but together we will figure it out!
You are very beautiful when you are angry, but I still ask you to calm down.
Let's not argue, my relationship with you is so dear to me!

The influence of psychological climate on relationships

Several factors influence relationships. Scientists have identified 5 main personality characteristics that influence relationships:

Goodwill. If a spouse has this quality, he thinks similarly about his spouse.
Obligation, especially in relation to a woman. In family relationships, a woman's satisfaction is more important than a man's satisfaction. Commitment speaks of the partner’s reliability.
Openness to new sensations. If people are ready to change, this makes the marriage stronger and more enduring.
Openness to communication. Extroverts are open-minded and can solve problems with enthusiasm.
Neuroticism. This is a negative, but powerful factor that can influence intrafamily relationships. At the slightest imbalance, a person experiences anxiety and fear.

Many disputes arise over emotional stability or instability. Many couples have been studied where the partners were emotionally unstable, but the marriages did not break up. Another situation is that one partner is stable, the other is not. There are nuances here: one provides emotional support to the other, which makes the partner happy. Women's stability is more important than men's. It has been noticed that women's disappointment in relationships more often leads to breakups than men's.

How to apologize to a girl, ideas

Guys often make mistakes and then don’t know which way to approach their girlfriend in order to make amends to her. And there is some truth in this, some girls are very touchy and a simple word “sorry” is not enough for her. Here are a few strategies for this important matter, armed with which you can easily resolve any conflict. Important conditions are a sincere desire to earn forgiveness. Intonation, gaze, gestures - everything should be genuine!

There are situations when a man first needs to figure out what exactly he is to blame for; to do this, you need to give each other time to cool down a little. Then carefully, watching your tone and intonation, invite the girl to talk. By asking questions, find out what caused her offense. And then explain to her that he did not see anything bad in what he had done, and did not want to cause pain to his beloved. Sincerely apologize, promise to be more attentive in the future and not repeat such mistakes. A kiss and hug will be a worthy end to reconciliation.
When a guy’s guilt is obvious, you need to act differently. It is better to immediately look guilty and ask for forgiveness, and then explain the reason for your behavior. You can refer to lack of upbringing, psychological trauma from childhood, the bad influence of friends. If it is appropriate and true, it will serve as a good explanation for rudeness or bad behavior. Again, at the end of everything, you need to give assurance that this will not happen again.
If a man is not particularly eloquent, he can write a letter for his beloved. A very romantic gesture that a girl will definitely appreciate. It is not necessary to compose a whole poem, just a couple of lines on a piece of paper glued to the mirror: My dear! I'm sorry for yelling at you. I have no excuse, but I know how kind and generous you are, so I hope for your forgiveness. I promise it will never happen again! An endlessly in love dunce.
The modern way of apologizing will also work. You can send a message on social networks with a cute picture or some kind of musical composition that is symbolic for both. If you apologize publicly and not in a private message, this will further highlight the guy’s sincere intentions.
For creative types, you can offer an apology with a photo collage. You can select photos with the happiest and funniest moments of the couple, make interesting captions, you can use humor, attach musical accompaniment to all this and send this creation as an apology to the girl by email.

Improvement of the situation

The psychological climate in a family is a process that can be changed and corrected, but this requires the desire of family members. Both partners need to seek help from a psychologist or psychotherapist.

Conditions that must be met:

Awareness of goals, for example, preserving mutual love, raising children, working for the financial benefit of the family.
Understanding your own place in the group. For a man this is financial support, for a woman it is caring for children. It must be taken into account that creation for the benefit of the group must begin with the creation of personal space - one’s own unrealized plans negatively affect the environment and the psychological climate of the group. This moment is non-verbally transmitted to the team members, they begin to experience negative emotions without understanding their meaning.
Adoption of general norms and laws. If personal norms correspond to group norms, correction is easy. If a person admits that his standards are not satisfied in a given group, he must admit: the group is doomed to separation.
Communication between family members.

The most democratic, useful form of communication is cooperation. Competition is not the best way to improve relationships within a team. Sometimes the process of “healing” a family takes a long time. This happens due to a lack of awareness of its meaning.

How to defuse a tense situation with a guy, ideas

Guys heated by conflict can also be difficult to calm down, but in most cases, the gentle, calm voice of a girl who utters simple but effective phrases is enough:

I hear you and understand, but I ask you to listen to my opinion too.
Let's try together to make our relationship even better.
I think that's enough for today, just hug me.
I know this is very difficult for you, and I’m ready to help you with this, but...
I see that I touched a nerve with you, I’m sorry, let’s discuss this another time.

Family characteristics: features, rules of composition and sample

Physical and emotional development of the child. This is the defining role of the family, which in the early stages of development cannot be replaced by educational institutions.
Formation of psychological gender. This usually occurs in the first three years of a child's life. It is believed that it is the father who tends to differentiate differences between the sexes more strongly. Therefore, the characteristics of an incomplete family determine that the child may have problems with sexual socialization in the future.
Child's mental development. American researchers have found that the IQ of children from prosperous and disadvantaged children differs significantly. Accordingly, this same parameter affects cultural development.
Mastering social norms.
Formation of value orientations. This applies to family relationships, lifestyle, aspirations and goals, communication with others.
Social and psychological support. It is the family that lays in the child’s mind the level of self-respect, self-esteem, as well as the desire for self-realization.

Description of family structure. It should be quite short and to the point. Attention should be paid to the security, stability, openness, and spirituality of the family. It is also important to understand and describe the roles within a given unit of society, as well as the hierarchy.
Description of the psychological climate. To do this, you will have to work on determining the psychotype of each family member. The report should contain their description, as well as conclusions about compatibility.
Parental position. We are talking about describing the lifestyle of adult family members, their social status, and type of activity. If possible, it is worth mentioning their life goals and ways to achieve them.
The child's position in the family. Determining the degree of trust in parents and other adult family members, the presence of goals and aspirations appropriate to age, the presence of ideas about self-realization, academic success, state of physical and mental health.

We recommend reading: Age of majority in Russia

Social characteristics of the family

It is better to prepare a conclusion for a child in two stages. First, the psychologist who conducted the examination processes the results of the tasks, discusses them and comes to certain conclusions about the level of development of cognitive activity, speech, emotional-volitional sphere, personality, behavior of the child and signs of originality in his development, and also decides on the nature of correctional assistance that can be provided to the child. The psychologist then formalizes the results obtained in the form of a written report. Such a conclusion is written in free form, but nevertheless, certain rules must be followed when writing it. Typically, the conclusion consists of three relatively independent parts.

The first part indicates the reasons for examining the child, the purpose of the examination, and the characteristics of the child’s behavior during the examination. Be sure to note the motivation to complete tasks, features of contact, methods of interaction with a psychologist, methods of completing tasks, the nature of the activity, reaction to encouragement, failure, remark. Particular attention should be paid to the child’s ability to use help productively, the types of this help, and the ability to transfer the solution found together with the psychologist to a similar problem. The presence or absence of speech accompaniment of actions, the nature of statements, and the child’s ability to talk about his actions are noted.

06 Jul 2020 piterurist 4425

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How to determine that a family is dysfunctional

Most often, guardianship organizations learn about problems in the family from educational institutions, medical organizations, and commissions on juvenile affairs.

In schools, it is possible to determine that a child has difficult family relationships based on the following signs:

the baby looks tired and sleepy;
the child shows signs of physical exhaustion;
it is difficult for the child to express his thoughts, speech is impaired;
the minor has signs of beatings on his face and body;
the baby becomes frightened when his voice rises or he makes sudden movements;
motor functions are inhibited;
mental development is at a low level, significantly lower than that of peers.

In medical organizations, one can draw a conclusion about poor conditions in the family based on the systemic diseases of the minor, appearance, and underweight.

Commissions for minors notify the guardianship service about the facts of the commission of offenses by the child.

After identifying a dysfunctional family, a set of measures is developed and put into practice aimed at normalizing family life and relationships in it. Parents are helped to find work, psychologists work with them, etc. The most severe of these measures is the removal of a child from the family and deprivation of parental rights to the father and mother. It is used if other efforts of social services have not brought results.