Hallucinations in old people: causes and solutions

Unfortunately, with the natural aging of the body, negative changes in the brain also occur. By the age of 60/65, many people are susceptible to confusion, which is characterized as an endogenous mental illness. In this condition, it is very important to promptly contact a neurologist or psychiatrist who will help the patient alleviate the course of the disease. We will tell you what senile senile psychosis is in older people, what the symptoms of the disease are, and how to treat it.

The network of boarding houses for the elderly "Zabota" offers round-the-clock care and medical supervision for elderly people, including those with senile psychosis. If your relative has been diagnosed with this condition, but you are unable to provide constant care for him, we recommend placing him in one of our boarding houses.

Causes of pathology

Somatic disorder occurs due to brain atrophy, but unlike Alzheimer's, dementia does not occur in an older person. Basically, the disease can occur against the background of chronic diseases of the cardiovascular, respiratory and genitourinary systems.

Also provoke the development of pathology:

• Hormonal changes in the body during climatic periods.
• Sleep disturbance.
• Surgical interventions.
• Acute lack of vitamin complex.
• Problems with vision and hearing.
• Stressful state.
• Poor food.
• Loneliness (isolation from society).
• Neurochemical changes during aging.
• Damage to the frontal and temporal parts of the head.
• Prescribing a variety of medications and procedures.

Unfortunately, it is very difficult to diagnose the disease at an early stage, so treatment is slow. Prolonged progression of the disease leads to persistent and progressive clouding of reason. And the chronic form is practically not characterized by favorable prognosis. Undoubtedly, the sooner you contact a medical institution (if you discover the first symptoms in an elderly relative), the faster and better quality care will be provided to the patient.

Causes

The main reason why senile psychosis appears is the gradual destruction of brain cells. But the reason does not lie only in old age, since not everyone experiences it. Sometimes genetics are involved. It was noticed that if there were cases of a similar disease in your family, then it is quite possible that you will also have it.

Senile psychosis has 2 forms. The first is acute, the second is chronic. How are they characterized? The acute form is accompanied by clouding of the mind, and the chronic form is accompanied by paranoid, depressive, hallucinatory and paraphrenic psychoses. No matter how old you are, treatment is mandatory for everyone.

Classification of psychoses in old age

Doctors distinguish between acute and chronic forms of the disease. Provocateurs can be any abnormalities in the body. Let's look at the most common factors that can lead to temporary or permanent aggression in an elderly person.

Vitamin deficiency

This is a condition when the body does not receive a whole group of vitamins. Many people think that they are not at risk of deficiency of biologically active substances. But their deficiency manifests itself unnoticed, and external signs are erased and non-specific.

The following symptoms are often confused with symptoms of other diseases:

• Fatigue during sports or physical work.
• Sleep disorders.
• Loss of appetite.
• Frequent mood changes.
• With a slight injury, bruises and bruises immediately appear.
• Ulcers and cracks form in the corners of the lips.
• Overweight.
• Hair falls out on the head.
• The plates on the fingernails become brittle and peel.

It was mistakenly believed that vitamin deficiency occurs only in the spring, and at other times of the year the body stores them for future use.

However, the reasons for year-round nutrient deficiencies are:

• Monotony of products from which the same dishes are prepared.
• Eating large amounts of fast food, pickles and marinades.
• Bad habits, in particular smoking.
• Long-term use of medications, such as antibiotics.
• Using birth control pills for a long time.
• Past infections.
• Incomplete digestion of food, which leads to constipation or, conversely, diarrhea.
• Improper cooking.
• Passion for fashionable diets that lead to sudden weight loss.

Chronic diseases of the bronchopulmonary system

At the moment, diseases of the bronchi and lungs in older people are leading. This is due to the natural involutional restructuring of the respiratory organs in old age. Unfortunately, such changes lead to the fact that the citizen is susceptible to respiratory infections. In addition, he develops hypoxia (chronic lack of incoming oxygen) or an increase in residual air in the lungs. And against the background of dementia, Alzheimer's disease or senile psychosis (atrophic changes in the central nervous system), the cough reflex may decrease. And the weakening of the strength of the chest muscles affects breathing.

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Heart failure causes age-related senile psychosis in the elderly

An acute form of mental fog can occur due to a lack of oxygen supply to the cerebral cortex. In this case, the neurons responsible for mental abilities die off.

Thyroid diseases

To make a diagnosis, the doctor conducts studies of the endocrine glands. Laboratory testing will help identify hormonal changes. The severity of intellectual abilities depends on how affected a particular gland is.

Psychoses

In medicine, psychosis is understood as a severe mental disorder in which behavioral and mental reactions do not correspond to the real state of affairs.

Senile (senile) psychoses first appear after 65 years of age.

They make up approximately 20% of all cases of mental illness.

Doctors call natural aging of the body the main cause of senile psychosis.

Provoking factors are:

1. Being female . Among the sick, women make up the majority.
2. Heredity . Most often, psychosis is diagnosed in people whose relatives suffered from mental disorders.
3. Somatic diseases. Some diseases provoke and aggravate the course of mental illness.

WHO in 1958 developed a classification of psychoses based on the syndromic principle. The following types are distinguished:

1. Affective disorder. These include mania and depression.
2. Paraphrenia . The main manifestations are delusions and hallucinations.
3. State of confusion. The disorder is based on confusion.
4. Somatogenic psychoses . They develop against the background of somatic diseases and occur in an acute form.

Symptoms

The clinical picture depends on the type of disease, as well as on the severity of the stage.

Symptoms of the development of acute psychosis:

• violation of orientation in space;
• motor excitation;
• anxiety;
• hallucinatory states;
• the emergence of delusional ideas.

Acute psychosis lasts from several days to a month. It directly depends on the severity of the somatic disease.

Postoperative psychosis refers to acute mental disorders that occur within a week after surgery. The signs are:

• delusions, hallucinations;
• violation of orientation in space and time;
• confusion;
• motor excitement.

This state can last continuously or be combined with periods of enlightenment.

Signs of chronic depression:

• lethargy, apathy;
• a feeling of meaninglessness of existence;
• anxiety;
• suicidal feelings.

It lasts quite a long time, while the patient retains all cognitive functions.

Symptoms of paranoia:

• delirium directed towards loved ones;
• constant expectation of trickery from others. It seems to the patient that they want to poison him, kill him, rob him, etc.;
• restriction of communication due to fear of being offended.

However, the patient retains self-care and socialization skills.

Hallucinosis. In this state, the patient experiences various hallucinations: verbal, visual, tactile. He hears voices, sees non-existent characters, feels touches.

The patient may communicate with these characters or try to get rid of them, for example, by building barricades, washing and cleaning his home.

Paraphrenia. Fantastic confabulations come first. The patient talks about his connections with famous personalities and ascribes to himself non-existent merits. Delusions of grandeur and high spirits are also characteristic.

Diagnostics

• What to do? A consultation is required to make a diagnosis. psychiatrist and neurologist.

  The psychiatrist conducts special diagnostic tests and prescribes tests. The basis for diagnosis are:

  Stability of symptoms. They occur with a certain frequency and do not differ in diversity.
• Expression . The disorder manifests itself clearly.
• Duration . Clinical manifestations continue for several years.
• Relative retention of cognitive skills.
  Psychoses are not characterized by severe mental disorders; they increase gradually as the disease progresses.

Treatment

Treatment of senile psychoses combines medication and psychotherapeutic methods. The choice depends on the severity of the condition, the type of disorder, and the presence of somatic diseases. Patients are prescribed the following groups of drugs:

1. Neuroleptics (Aminosin, Sonapax, Eglonil). They reduce excessive transmission of nerve impulses, reduce the severity of symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, and depression.
2. Antidepressants (Melipramine, Amitriptyline, Fluoxetine). The drugs are used to treat depression, increase adrenaline levels, and improve mood. Used for psychoses with severe depressive syndrome.
3. Sleeping pills (Phenozepam, Phenobarbital, Melatonin). Used to facilitate falling asleep and ensure long and deep sleep.

The doctor selects a combination of drugs according to the type of psychosis.

It is also necessary to treat a somatic disease in parallel if it was the cause of the disorder.

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Neurology

Unfortunately, senile psychosis and schizophrenia are very often equated to the same disease. This is absolutely false, since a person can fall into a psychotic state with alcohol and drug poisoning, with epilepsy, mental retardation, Alzheimer's disease, or with an overdose of medications. Disorders also arise due to severe mental trauma (for example, the loss of a close relative).

In an unadvanced state, doctors need two months to understand the symptoms of psychosis and prescribe optimal drug therapy.

How hallucinations are treated: basic principles

Important! If hallucinations occur in one of your relatives and friends, before qualified treatment is started, make every effort to ensure the safety of the patient and those around him.

Often, patients with hallucinations perform actions that are dangerous both for them and for people nearby.

Treatment of acute hallucinations is unconditionally carried out in a hospital. The patient is first examined by a neurologist, narcologist and, of course, a psychiatrist. The list of consultations and related examinations may vary depending on the individual characteristics of a particular case.

The procedure for treating hallucinations is also determined taking into account the patient's condition. Elderly people undergo therapy aimed at eliminating the causes that prompted the appearance of hallucinations. If the latter are caused by any disease, its treatment is carried out in parallel.

Typically, neuroleptics and antipsychotic drugs are used to treat hallucinations in the elderly. Taking these may cause the following side effects:

• extrapyramidal disorders. These include, first of all, akathisia, dyskinesia, and dystonia;
• anticholinergic effects;
• disturbances in the processes of defecation and urination;
• postural hypotension;
• hypersalivation;
• changes in the function of the liver, gastrointestinal tract, digestive system;
• rapid weight gain;
• dysfunction of the pancreas, up to pancreatic necrosis and acute pancreatitis.

Based on all of the above, we can conclude that the treatment of hallucinations in elderly patients should be carried out exclusively by a qualified specialist

The doctor conducts the necessary examinations and draws up a program specifically for the patient, taking into account the individual characteristics of his condition.

Additionally, drugs from the group of detoxifiers, tranquilizers and sedatives can be used to treat hallucinations. During the period of remission, patients are usually recommended cognitive-behavioral and psychosocial therapy.

Stages of psychosis in old age

If the patient has a breakdown, and this is noticeable to others, then with timely contact with a psychiatrist, treatment lasts up to four weeks. But the chronic form is very difficult to diagnose, since symptoms may not appear for several years, and mental abilities remain at the same level. In this case, the patient himself may remain in the dark for a long time until a situation arises that provokes clouding of reason. The protracted form usually affects women. As a rule, their mood often changes from anger to joyful euphoria, and there is also a depressed state (feeling fear, anxiety, apathy or anger).

Psychiatrists divide somatic disorders into four groups. Let's look at each of them.

Simple stage

At the initial stage, the patient may experience aggravation of emotions. A person becomes aggressive, experiences euphoria in joyful moments, economy manifests itself as stinginess, and a bad mood turns into hysteria.

Expanded

Very often you can meet old people who do not remember their last name or address. They confuse events and years. They are awake at night and sleep during the day. Amnesia can be temporary or prolonged.

Final

It occurs as an independent illness or as a result of the action of an expanded form. The patient experiences complete atrophy of physical and mental abilities, he falls into a senile state.

Confabulatory

A possible outcome of the final stage, in which delusions, hallucinations, excessive activity, and a desire to communicate with strangers are observed. Often patients feel that they are being watched and their phone is being tapped. Non-existent voices and sounds appear in their heads, they see shadows and silhouettes that do not exist.

Classification of senile senile psychosis

Senile mental disorder has acute and chronic forms. The most common is the acute form of psychosis, characterized by a sharp development of the pathological process. In this case, the duration of the disease does not exceed 30 days and ends in remission.

The chronic form of the disorder does not have specific symptoms, which makes diagnosing the pathology difficult. The disease of this form can last about 20 years, during which the person remains mentally active.

Acute forms of senile psychosis

The occurrence of this form of hydrocyanic disorder in old people occurs under the influence of somatic diseases that have progressed in the body over a long period. The formation of pathology is also influenced by the use of anesthesia, surgical interventions and complications during rehabilitation.

The acute stage is preceded by a prodromal period of 24-72 hours. At this time, the patient experiences loss of appetite, insomnia, weakness, and slight difficulties in spatial orientation. The onset of the acute phase is accompanied by delusions, hallucinations, confusion of thinking, and motor disinhibition. The patient's delusional ideas and thoughts are characterized by increased scrupulousness and aggression towards others.

Symptoms of senile delirium

Unfortunately, if diagnosis is not made in time and treatment is not started, a temporary mental disorder can lead to serious mental illness. Let's consider the clinical picture of each of the six ailments.

Acute form

A psychotherapist may well diagnose the disease based on the symptoms of the prodromal period. In a short time, relatives of an elderly person notice changes in his behavior:

• He refuses his usual food.
• Doesn't sleep well or has nightmares. Therefore, he jumps out of bed and screams loudly.
• Gets tired quickly when doing everyday housework.
• Becomes distracted.
• Does not want to take care of his cleanliness (wash his face, brush his teeth, comb his hair, etc.).
• Motor activity increases. He doesn't sit at home, he wants to be outside.
• Attracts the attention of others with crazy conversations.
• The patient often experiences fear.

Chronic stage

At this stage, intellectual abilities are preserved, but the old man is in long-term depression. This is manifested by a lack of interest not only in the people around him, but also in life in general. He is not interested in current events, does not read newspapers and magazines, or watches TV programs. In fact, he never leaves his room. In addition, he frightens relatives with paranoid ideas about himself, loud conversations with non-existent people (visual and auditory hallucinations occur). Fears lead the patient to complete isolation from society.

How to deal with aggression with dementia

Psychiatric symptoms are stable: in most cases, appearing at an early stage of the disease, they persist for at least three years. Therefore, caregivers need to know how to prevent and deal with aggression.

It is important to understand here that aggression in older people with dementia is not a manifestation of the patient’s character, but a natural consequence of the disease. Aggressive actions are directed at others only because they are the ones nearby. It is not the patient’s attitude towards people that changes, but his reaction to reality. The patient is unable to control himself, since aggression arises due to irreversible changes in the brain matter. Learning to work with this is difficult at first, so caregivers are advised to remember the following, already proven techniques.

Prevention of aggressive behavior

Typically, aggressive behavior is preceded by the same situations. It is important to identify a pattern here - this will help you learn to predict the occurrence of aggression. Often the patient begins to become irritated under the following conditions:

• stress or fear when unable to perform normal activities;
• the need to accept outside help when performing intimate procedures;
• dissatisfaction of loved ones with respect to mistakes and blunders that the patient makes when performing simple everyday tasks;
• disorientation (in a noisy public place, when guests arrive) also causes excessive nervousness;
• physical discomfort, including fatigue.

The sooner relatives understand what exactly the patient is reacting to aggressively, the faster and more effectively they will be able to prevent psychosis in dementia.

It is necessary to come to terms with the fact that a person is no longer able to cope with everyday life and ordinary affairs. Even the most obvious things now require a lot of thought for him due to a change in perception, and this should also be responded to calmly. The less negativity the patient feels, the less aggression will manifest itself.

Senile dementia and psychosis require delicate assistance in everyday life and in the implementation of hygiene procedures. You cannot criticize a person with dementia; you should, if possible, avoid situations that indicate his weakness. When the first signs of irritability, restlessness, fear, or anxiety appear, you should immediately distract the person with his favorite activity.

Relatives of a person with dementia must also take care of themselves: defiant behavior negatively affects caregivers, devastates them, and encourages depressive thoughts. This, in turn, is felt by the patient and reacts to the patients’ dissatisfaction with another emotional outburst. A vicious circle is formed, from which you can only get out of it by regularly restoring your strength after each incident and not holding back stress within yourself. This can be realized by visiting a psychologist or even just talking with friends.

During an attack of aggression

The response of a caregiver or loved one must be thought out and rehearsed in advance, so that the symptoms of aggression in older people with dementia will not take them by surprise. If the attack turns out to be a surprise, you should not give in to the first impulse to respond. You need to take a deep breath, take a few steps away from the person and slowly count to ten. Often by this moment the patient has already forgotten about what is happening or calms down.

Important! Any appropriate response only makes the situation worse. You cannot make accusations, lose your temper, or show resentment or negativity.

It is advisable to distract the patient from the situation and move the conversation to another topic. Since dementia is accompanied by attention problems, this maneuver is often successful. You should demonstrate friendliness, understanding, acceptance of the patient’s condition, and a willingness to help.

Restriction of mobility during a surge of aggression often leads to tension in the situation, increased negative emotions, and aggravation of the condition. Therefore, this measure should be carried out only in extreme cases, when rampant dementia goes too far and the patient is capable of causing harm to himself or others.

After the attack

The most pointless thing to do after an attack of aggression is to show dissatisfaction, refuse communication, or try to “put” the patient in his place. As a rule, the latter already forgets about what happened and does not understand the demonstration of resentment. Therefore, you should pretend that nothing special happened. If attacks occur too often, cause concern, or have excessively violent manifestations, you need to contact a psychiatrist who deals with dementia patients.

Important! Aggression often occurs as a side effect of certain medications used to treat symptoms of dementia. Therefore, you need to think about whether the sudden increase in attacks is a consequence of the use of medications.

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Severe mood swings can lead to apathy or, conversely, excessive physical activity. In the latter case, with constant movement, the patient can be so aggressive that he can commit actions that are dangerous to those around him. A manic state cannot be stopped either by persuasion, or shouting, or orders. Only competent and step-by-step treatment of the disease will help here. Therapy is prescribed by a psychiatrist, identifying the degree, signs and causes, looking at the patient’s personal characteristics and the state of his physical health. After making a diagnosis, the doctor personally selects the technique and decides to leave the patient in the hospital or treat him on an outpatient basis.

A sick person is admitted to the hospital only in a few cases:

• If he poses a threat to others.
• Cannot perform simple vital functions.
• Capable of causing harm to himself (jumping out of a window, getting hit by a car, etc.).

After quality treatment, the patient’s condition normalizes and during remission he is allowed to go home.

Simple degree

Characterized by personal changes in character. If a person has been neat all his life, then this quality eventually turns into excessive pedantry and scrupulousness. Economy turns into greed. Relatives are shocked that the once kind old lady becomes aggressive and, worst of all, malicious. Humane traits completely disappear, and they are replaced by despotism.

The following symptoms appear:

• lack of tact towards loved ones;
• obsessing over oneself;
• childish capriciousness;
• excessive focus on your needs;
• tendency to overeat;
• vagrancy;
• collecting unnecessary things from the trash;
• chronic alcoholism;
• mania associated with material values.

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Expanded stage

Senile dementia manifests itself not only in short-term, but also in long-term memory loss. At this stage of the disease, the patient falls into childhood; he remembers the events that happened to him many decades ago. That is, how he gets ready for school, meets his first love. At the same time, he forgets his last name, first name and patronymic, as well as the names of his relatives, and is not oriented in time and space. If he goes outside, there is a high probability that he will not be able to find his home on his own. While relatives are at work, the patient sleeps during the day, and begins to be awake at night and can unnoticed go out into the fresh air and get lost.

Final form

The expanded stage quickly transforms into the final phase. This can happen in about a few weeks. The result of the disease is complete immobility, lack of attention to external stimuli. The patient falls into a marasmic state, which can last for several years. Death occurs only when the functions of vital organs are lost, for example, when the heart stops.

Confabulatory stage

Characterized by all or partial manifestations, noted in simple and expanded degrees. The patient begins to delusion, and his illusions are not connected with reality. The conversation takes place with fictional characters and ends with active, meaningless activity. The character completely changes, the patient is good-natured, his speech is emphatically polite. Fantasizes about shadows and silhouettes.

Senile psychosis: treatment

The most favorable prognosis is in the acute form. This disorder is treated in a hospital, and with the proper quality of therapy, the patient can be returned to a relatively normal life. The decision on hospitalization is made by a specialist, taking into account the wishes of the patient’s relatives. In the case of chronic psychosis, only relief of symptoms is possible; it is impossible to completely eliminate the disorder. The support of relatives is important, since the patient is unable to fully control his behavior.

Psychosis is treated with the use of psychotropics (pirazidol, amitriptyline, azaphene). Antipsychotics (haloperidol, Sonapax), antipsychotics (triftazine) are indicated. Anticholinergics (cyclodol) are prescribed. Interaction with pets, art therapy, walks in the fresh air, and solving puzzles are considered useful.

No one is immune from age-related changes. You can only carefully monitor the condition of your loved ones and, at the first signals, show them to specialists. Therapy in the early stages is always more effective than in the later stages.

Senile psychosis is a mental illness caused by progressive brain atrophy. It develops in people over 65 years of age. Violations can be different: inability to assess what is happening, anamnestic disorientation, memory decay, dementia, etc.

Early diagnosis of the disease

At the first symptoms of the disease, urgent consultation with doctors is necessary. Keep in mind that senile psychosis cannot be completely cured, but the sooner you seek help, the faster the psychiatrist will select an individual treatment regimen. This will help not only stop the processes that destroy a person’s personality, but also increase his life expectancy. Only a highly specialized medical professional can determine why aggression appears and dementia develops: due to Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s disease, problems in the endocrine system, oncology in the brain, vitamin deficiency in the body, due to Bonnet’s gallicionasis, neurotic carditis or due to other mental disorders.

Drug treatment

Since aggression often occurs due to illness, pain, or physical discomfort, a patient with dementia should regularly visit doctors in order to prevent chronic diseases. If caregivers cannot independently understand what triggers the attack, they should consult a psychiatrist.

The main drugs used to treat aggression in dementia are risperidone and aripiprazole.
The use of antipsychotics to relieve attacks of aggression in dementia

Senile dementia and aggression require attention and care from others. Drug treatment is not always the best way out of this situation, since sedatives solve the consequences, but not the problem, and often affect the patient’s consciousness, aggravating other symptoms. You should resort to pharmacological therapy only if all other methods of correcting aggressive behavior have already been exhausted. But even in this case, it is necessary to constantly monitor the development of dementia and, if possible, use more gentle methods.

High-quality treatment of the underlying disease reduces the risk of psychosis. Treatment of aggression in dementia with antipsychotics worsens the course of dementia, especially cognitive status. Among people using antipsychotics, the mortality rate is a quarter higher than among patients using other drugs.

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Diagnosis, treatment and prevention

It is important to distinguish the disease from classic depression, senile dementia, and manic-depressive psychosis. At the initial stages of the examination, it is also necessary to exclude vascular disorders, oncology and other pathologies. Diagnosis is based on the clinical picture, as well as additional studies (for example, computed tomography).

It is impossible to successfully cure senile psychosis on your own or with folk remedies. You should immediately consult a psychiatrist. To treat acute psychosis in old age, the patient needs hospitalization; only in a hospital will he receive full medical and nursing care. Taking into account all manifested symptoms, treatment is prescribed strictly individually, in accordance with the full clinical picture of concomitant diseases.

Medicines used (the course of therapy is carried out strictly under the supervision of a doctor):

1. Antidepressants in combination with sedatives (for the correction of depressive conditions).
2. Neuroleptics (normalization of anxious behavior, confusion).
3. Neuroleptics in combination with tranquilizers (for severe anxiety, insomnia).

It is useful to keep the older person occupied with simple mental and physical exercise, as this stimulates the brain and reduces the risk of recurrence of acute psychosis. Psychological support for the family and proper home care are also of great importance.

In the video, psychiatrist Mikhail Tetyushkin examines a specific case of the disease. The doctor comments on symptoms and treatment methods, and also gives recommendations to loved ones on how to interact with a sick person.

Diagnostics

Since the disease is masked for a long time, and the symptoms at the first stage are insignificant and do not frighten relatives, a therapist, cardiologist, endocrinologist and neurologist begin to deal with the problem. In order to exclude organic pathologies of the brain, for example, tumors, an examination is prescribed using various medical equipment:

• MRI of the head;
• X-ray of the skull;
• electroencephalogram;
• ECG of the heart.

Unfortunately, senile aggression can only be determined at an advanced stage. Then you cannot do without the participation of a psychotherapist.

Treatment of psychosis in older people

Relatives should know that there are no universal methods or medications and the disease can only be stopped, but cannot be completely eliminated. Therefore, a difficult time is coming for the family, you will have to be patient. At the initial stage, the patient is not hospitalized, but comfortable conditions are created at home. That is, he needs daily supervision, normalization of his daily routine, taking him for a walk, communicating with people. Complete isolation from society will lead to progression of the disease and ultimately to dementia.

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Among the medications prescribed: Sonapax, Propazine, Gidazepam, Amitriptyline, Teralen and other drugs of the psychotropic group. If the disease poses a threat to the lives of people and the patient himself, then he is admitted to a hospital, where gentle treatment methods are used in a short time.

But what should relatives who work and are unable to care for an elderly person with senile psychosis do? In this case, the only correct decision is to place the patient for temporary detention in a home for the elderly, for example, in a hotel from. The guest will be under constant surveillance. They will create a favorable emotional environment for him and help him not to lose self-care skills. Psychotherapy will be provided to reduce anxiety and stabilize behavior. Listening to music, games that require mental stress (chess, solving puzzles and crosswords, etc.), gymnastics, communicating with peers, and forcing the guest to orient himself in time and space stimulate cognitive abilities.

Symptoms

How does senile psychosis manifest itself and by what signs can one suspect the development of the disease? Symptoms of the pathology are varied and numerous, having different severity, occurring periodically or observed constantly.

In each individual case, the clinical picture of senile psychosis is different, so diagnosing the disease is quite difficult.

The acute form of the disease is characterized by the following manifestations:

• difficulty concentrating and orienting in the surrounding space;
• problems with self-care;
• fast fatiguability;
• sleep disorders, insomnia;
• decreased appetite;
• feeling of helplessness, confusion, fear.

Patients are in a state of delirium, constantly talk about problems and expect trouble. Senile psychosis occurs in the form of periodic attacks or is permanent. As a rule, the acute form of the disease progresses over several days, but can last for 2-3 weeks.

The chronic form of senile psychosis is accompanied by the following characteristic signs:

• lethargy and depression;
• feeling of uselessness, emptiness and uselessness;
• mild depression;
• self-flagellation and self-blame.

This psychosis is characterized by a long course; the disease develops over 10-15 years. During this period, minor memory disturbances are possible.