Material (3rd grade): Class hour on the topic "COMMUNICATION WITH ADULTS"

The upbringing process is entirely based on the child’s constant communication with his parents, his peers and others. The rules of communication with adults, learned from childhood, help many children grow up to be cultured and friendly people.

As soon as a child is born, he begins to communicate with his parents, master the first skills of communicative interaction, thanks to which he can grow up to be a comprehensively developed personality.

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Basic principles and forms of communication between children and adults

There are several fundamental principles, depending on which the full communication of a child with an adult is built:

frequent manifestations of initiative to attract attention to one’s actions;
active requests calling on adults to take part in his affairs;
special sensitivity to the assessments and judgments of an adult, copying his behavior, understanding the differences between approval, praise and condemnation;
openness and emotionality in relationships with adults;

Intensive use of speech skills in the interaction between adults and young children contributes not only to the development of the child’s speech, but also to the improvement of his mental activity, as well as the logical component of the entire communication process.

According to the concept of communication developed by the famous Soviet psychologist M.I. Lisina, which explains the mechanisms of the genesis of communicative activity characteristic of young children, two forms are distinguished in preschool age:

Extra-situational-cognitive, which develops during the first 4 years. It is determined by theoretical cooperation with an adult, the perception of him as a reliable source of information about the world around him.
Extra-situational and personal, the content of which is human society. The adult in him appears as an integral personality, subject to social and moral norms and using his knowledge and skills.

Preschool age is characterized by changes in motives, content and means of communication. The peculiarities of communication with adults during this period include non-situational forms and speech means beginning to predominate.

The thinking factor, joint activity and full verbal communication help stimulate the child’s mental development. They help him construct sentences correctly when addressing friends, parents and various people.

The concept of pedagogical communication

Ped. communication is a dialogue between a teacher and students or pupils that has a professional orientation. This form of teaching or education is necessary to create a favorable psychological atmosphere in the team, so that the presentation of material is not a dry listing of facts.

The teacher gives the basics of communication

For your information! With such communication, children perceive information coming from an adult more readily.

Although it should be borne in mind that much depends on the personality of the teacher. Childcare should be as positive and friendly as possible, but with elements of a certain severity to maintain discipline in the children's team.

Dialogue with children is conducted competently

Heuristic conversation as a teaching method

In pedagogy, heuristic pedagogical communication is teaching in the form of question and answer. It was created by Socrates in Ancient Greece two thousand years ago. In the mid-50s of the last century, heuristic conversation became the subject of active study, since it was inherently well suited for solving issues of teaching children with special needs.

As a result, a system of certain techniques was developed, which made it possible to apply it in types of communication between an adult and a preschool child.

The essence of a heuristic conversation is that the teacher does not present ready-made knowledge and solutions to the problem, but pushes his interlocutors to the right solution through correctly posed additional questions.

For your information! Each answer to such an additional question is a step towards the correct answer to the main question. All leading questions are interconnected by a common theme and follow from one another.

Moreover, each such question is asked not mechanically, but during a conversation between the teacher and preschoolers, the topic of which is the problem raised.

With this form of communication, the teacher’s ability to conduct a conversation and encourage his students to engage in it until the main goal is achieved is most clearly demonstrated.

Children's rules for communicating with adults

One of the very first rules that parents teach their child is the rules of greeting. Having mastered the basics of etiquette in preschool age, children will not experience communication difficulties in the future.

They will remember that:

Greet people with the following phrases: “Good morning!”, “Good afternoon” or “Good evening!”. Regardless of the time of day, you can say to a person: “Hello!” Friends and close relatives are usually told: “Hello!”
If the people you need to greet are at a considerable distance, you should not shout, jump up or wave your arms. You should just nod politely when their eyes meet.
The greeting should be polite and accompanied by a sincere smile. Words spoken casually or in a dry tone can offend a person.
You cannot lower your eyes while greeting. Depending on the circumstances, the greeting can be accompanied by a slight bow, handshake, or nod.
If a friend comes towards you accompanied by a stranger, then both should be greeted.
When a person enters a room in which there is a group of people he knows, he should not greet everyone, he should greet everyone immediately.
When meeting, the one who is older should give his hand first. But the younger ones should be the first to greet the older ones, just as men should greet women.
When greeting a man, he always stands up. The exception is sick and elderly people.

Particular attention is paid to studying the rules of communication with adults during lunch, studying the norms of behavior at the table.

The child must know that:

Laughing, talking and rocking in a chair while eating is prohibited.
You need to eat silently; slurping is unacceptable.
Large pieces are difficult to chew; they are cut with a knife while holding them with a fork. If the child is small, he cannot do without the help of his mother.
Be sure to use napkins at the table - wipe your fingers and lips with them as needed.
You should always thank those people who prepared the food and served it on the table. A polite “Thank you” will be accepted with joy.

Children need to understand how dangerous it is to talk while eating. When even a small piece of food is in the mouth, the child can inhale it.

In what format can communication take place?

In modern society, communication is by no means limited to phone calls and personal meetings, because new opportunities have appeared. And many elderly parents have mastered instant messengers and video communication, switching to new formats.

Examples and stories from parents

“My son gave me his old smartphone. I installed Viber, Skype, Telegram on it... I mastered sending messages, emoticons, postcards, gifs. Now every morning I send my son virtual greetings and wishes for a good day. He responds in kind, and we know that everything is fine with each other. It takes seconds, but it sets a good mood for the whole day.”
“WhatsApp has become our new “intermediary” when communicating with our daughter’s family. We constantly send each other photos - I take pictures of my beds, cats, my father and me, she takes pictures of our beloved grandchildren. Before we call, we now write off in advance so that we know for sure that everyone is free and can chat.”
“I help my grandson do his homework via Skype. The son and daughter-in-law are at work, he comes home from school and tries to do his homework before his parents return. I remember English and physics, and I can help with 7th grade geometry. We have more fun together, the grandson says thank you, tells the news, and in the process we can just chat. He and I have become much closer, he says: “Grandfather, how advanced you are,” and I am very pleased with that.”

Examples and stories from children

“We live far from our parents, we see each other in person once a year, in the summer, when we have a vacation and our eldest daughter has a vacation. We decided to give them a laptop to communicate via video conference. At first, my parents were worried that they wouldn’t understand anything and wouldn’t be able to turn it on... I wrote down the passwords in large block letters and showed them everything. Now once a week we have a communication session. Mom and dad are simply delighted when the eldest granddaughter shows them a diary with fives, and the youngest shows them drawings from kindergarten.”
“My sister and I organized a chat with my parents on Telegram. It’s very convenient, we always keep abreast of each other’s news, exchange photos and short messages. This format, of course, does not replace personal meetings, but it helps to always be in touch. And without empty chatter and lectures.”
“At first, my parents were against gadgets, they said: “Just call more often.” But when we were visiting them, we dialed Aunt Valya from Syktyvkar via video call and let them talk, see each other - they appreciated it. Now they have their own tablet and regularly call not only us, but also other relatives, they even show off their flower beds and proudly display their mother’s cake.”

Important

Communication must come from both sides. Both children and parents should take the initiative in communication. There is no need to be embarrassed to remind yourself or ask if everything is okay. It is important to feel needed and loved.

According to psychologists, proximity and the presence of common topics for conversation are important for normal communication between adult children and parents. Modern means of communication allow you to choose different formats of communication, share both photos and videos. But nothing can replace personal communication, because this is the only way to touch each other, hug, and not depend on the quality of the Internet and connection.

The main problems of relationships with elderly parents - learning to find a common language

Well, what can I say, after reading the reviews of all the grown-up children - don’t forget, you are moving forward just like your parents. Time flies inexorably fast, and soon, really soon, you will all find yourself in the place of your parents, and your children will write on the Internet the same things as you write about their parents, only you will look at this whole thing from a different perspective , your parents. You will save your comments somewhere on media, and then read them - you can’t even imagine how radically your opinion about your parents will change! I am 60 years old, I don’t know how old I am, I can only say one thing - my strength has decreased, and nothing more. I've had my computer for 12 years now, that is, I was 48 years old when I bought it. At work, computers followed, I was already a competent user)), because calling computer boys was expensive for me, and at every breakdown, sitting and stupidly not figuring out why and calling someone again was not in my character. I subscribed to all the hardware mailings, mastered it all very quickly, installed the systems myself, downloaded a bunch of different programs - I was curious, I was looking for keys and serial numbers, everything was so interesting, I had so many things that guys are young , they were amazed where I got it, I didn’t feel sorry - I shared it. I found out some details myself - BIOS, how to connect and set up a TV with a computer, and a lot of things)). Now I’ve been a sophisticated “guru” for a long time, at work they called me to set up other people’s computers, they were surprised that I was so old, but it was funny to me. And I’ve always been surprised by how many young people are satisfied with working in one working program, but the rest doesn’t interest them, they “don’t care” (not my words). And now I read your comments that we need to entice parents with something, get them on computers - funny! Parents, the majority, know everything much more than you, now so smart, and they are very sick of your condescending attitude towards them - guys, you are equal, only your parents have plus experience, so really respect your parents, don’t look down on them , and when help is needed, they will tell you about it - help, because the strength is no longer the same. I hope I won’t soon become senile, I feel very young, but with experience behind me, and an ever-deteriorating physiognomy ((but I still wouldn’t really like to grow old, personally, because you inevitably get weaker. And it’s very interesting watch how your face changes - personally, until I was 58, I felt very attractive), then little by little you see that you are changing, and this year clearly irreversible processes have already begun - the face slowly sags and becomes sad, but not because you are not young, but because that thoughts arise, and how much more God has allocated for you in this world - you still want to live. I used to ask my mother, when she was 68 and she seemed old to me, how she feels at her age - she told me - she has a young soul , but I don’t want to look at her face, now I understand her. I am a doctor myself, who cared about the processes occurring in the body, and now I note with great curiosity how the body changes, naturally, in the direction you don’t want, it’s very bad, when you have to ask someone to help with something, and it’s happiness if the children themselves see what is needed without any requests, and it’s lousy when you have to repeat the request repeatedly, you feel humiliated and in the way of your children, because we understand perfectly well that they have no time , not up to you, but you won’t ask for nothing, only in case of urgent need. Therefore, I urge you to understand your parents, they also have a hard time with requests. I agree that people are different, but the majority are adequate.

What to work with

Problems of relationships between children and parents have been and will be relevant at all times. The causes of some problems may be on the surface:

differences in the perception of the outside world due to age characteristics;
cultural and historical development of the country;
natural changes in society, ideology, values.

That is, we see that even in trusting parent-child relationships based on love and mutual respect, there are conflict factors that can negatively affect communication and interaction between parents and children.

What if the following leave their mark on the parent-child relationship?