Relationships between people have always had difficulties. However, based on them, positive and negative situations happen in our lives. In this case, the words are always relevant and wise: “Treat people the way you would like them to treat you.” This is one of the most important rules, since most often people reciprocate each other. Although often, people do far from good deeds towards us in response to our kindness. So, let's take a closer look at the question of how we treat people so that through their actions our lives become better.
Basic Rules
We often hear words like this: “Treat people the way you want them to treat you.” And there are many adherents of just this attitude. But what happens afterwards? Everyone ruins each other's lives and can't trust anyone. And, as you know, without trust, not only relationships, either friendly or romantic, cannot survive for a long time. Therefore, let's note the basic rules:
- Don't think too much about the people around you. Because in this case, a person ends up finding a lot of shortcomings and building suspicions. So often they are not justified, and the slightest mistake will lead to the destruction of the relationship. But if you don’t waste time on special thoughts and hopes, you won’t be disappointed in people. It is best to simply try to understand the person’s actions.
- Don't reveal your soul to everyone. There should be a ban here. Since there are many people who have far from good intentions towards you. And such information is used against you. But you can always open up to your loved ones and friends who have already been tested by time.
- Don't lie to the people around you. Lies usually come out and don’t lead to anything good. Once they find out that you lied once, they will no longer trust you. It's better not to say anything, but not to lie.
- Don't force yourself on people. Regardless of whether a person shows interest in you or not, never impose your presence and opinion on him. Otherwise, the person will begin to avoid you, which will put both of them in an awkward position. It's better to just show your interest in communicating with this person.
- Don't flatter people. You shouldn’t say a lot of compliments to people around you. Because they will either think that you are unworthy of their attention, or they will think that you have something in mind for them. But don't forget about simple words of gratitude.
- Don't use people. Speaking about how to treat people, it is worth noting that just as you once used a person, another is using you. Believe me, this is not only unpleasant, but also causes severe mental pain. If you don’t care about a person, then let him know this, then he will have nothing to be disappointed in.
Respectful relativity
Since the definitions of respect and disrespect are personal, I will share a personal example for you.
I think it is wrong to forcibly impregnate, cage and kill animals. So if someone supports this system, for example by buying animal products in restaurants or grocery stores, they automatically ignore my beliefs. Please note that I don't feel the same way about people who hunt animals for food to survive in the wild.
Although I wouldn't do it myself, I don't automatically think that such people are disrespectful to their beliefs or disrespectful to animals. But supporting modern factory farming is impossible - that's about as disrespectful as a human being can get. This is disrespectful to animals. It's disrespectful to the environment. And it's personally disrespectful to my beliefs. This behavior goes far beyond impoliteness.
When a meat eater says they respect my beliefs, from their point of view they may also be right. They might need nothing more to satisfy this definition than to notice that I am vegan. Which is pretty easy to do. But at the same time, they also meet my definition of disrespect.
Relationships with people of different ages
It is not surprising that many do not know at all how to behave with people of different ages, because we are not taught this anywhere. But here, there are also certain rules regarding how you can treat a person. So, let's list the main ones:
- Children. Whatever attitude you have towards your children, they do not deserve to be treated poorly. Children are very sensitive, and they need to be treated with kindness, and in no case should you lie to them, which they will immediately understand. The words of one of the writers are appropriate here: “When I was asked whether children should be spoiled? I said, of course, because it’s still unknown what life has in store for them.” So respect and spoil your children.
- Teenagers. Here you need to show great respect, because at this age people are very sensitive and take everything to heart. In addition, they are fighters for justice, so you cannot lie or deceive them.
- Aged people. Today, the most problematic question is how to treat older people? Here, however, it is very difficult to behave with restraint. After all, older people grew up with different rules, norms of behavior and foundations. It is difficult for them to understand us, but we may well show understanding to them. To do this, you just need to pay them attention and show respect; they don’t dream of anything more.
People of a different nationality
Here you need to be extremely careful and restrained. Because ethnic hatred can lead to the most unforeseen consequences. It is necessary to follow the rules of etiquette and respect the characteristics of people of other nationalities. Here are a few basic rules:
- Act neutral
- Do not lie
- Do not use
- Show your joy from meeting and communicating
- Show respect
It is very important to follow these rules, since all nationalities have their own characteristics of behavior and different concepts of norms. What is normal and even good for us may be a manifestation of bad taste for them and vice versa. Therefore, be extremely careful in your relationships with them; in any case, do not try to offend, but remain neutral.
Now you know how to behave with different people at different periods of life. All of the listed rules will help you avoid not only ridiculous situations, but also numerous problems in your life, and these people will always come to your aid. It is worth remembering that it is important to be kind and understanding, then everyone around will respond in kind and there will be no quarrels and negativity. We wish you good luck.
Human behavior as a manifestation of attitude towards something or someone
tags:
Attitude, Activity, Temperament, Behavior, Kind, Tradition, Word, Feature
FEDERAL EDUCATION AGENCY
STATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION OF HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
"POVOLGA STATE UNIVERSITY OF SERVICE"
DEPARTMENT OF “SOCIO-CULTURAL SERVICE”
ABSTRACT ON PSYCHOLOGICAL PRACTICE
ON THE TOPIC OF:
«HUMAN BEHAVIOR AS A DISPLAY OF ATTITUDE TO SOMETHING OR SOMEONE»
Completed by: student SKZ-301 Efremkina O.V.
TOGLYATTI-2010
CONTENT:
Introduction………………………………………………………………………………..3-4
Chapter 1. Motivation of activity and behavior……………………………5
- Needs, motivational states and motives of activity...5-8
- Types of motivational states, attitudes, interests, desires, aspirations, drives…………………………………………………………….9-11
Chapter 2. Types and role of emotions in human life………………………….12-15
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………16
List of sources………………………………………………………17
INTRODUCTION
A person always “behaves” in one way or another - he performs certain actions and actions in relation to the world around him and, above all, in relation to people. It is important to always understand and see with whom you should sympathize, have compassion, help, from whom and when you yourself have the right to expect support and help. In the East, there is a tradition according to which a person does not have the right to reveal not only his bad mood, but also grief and sadness. This tradition prescribes in all cases to maintain a friendly facial expression so as not to burden other people with your worries and experiences. There is no such tradition in our culture, but everyone should remember that the mood of the people around him largely depends on him. And today this is an important aspect of human life.
5 pages, 2037 words
Characteristics of a person and individual style of activity
8 No. 2 INDIVIDUAL-TYPICAL Plan: Type of nervous system and temperament. Temperament and activity. Constitutional and typical features. Sex and age characteristics of a person. Psychology of sexual differences. Age as a physical and psychological characteristic. 1. Type of nervous system and temperament Temperament (from the Latin tempera - proportion) is the innate characteristics of a person that ...
The object of this study is a person’s attitude towards something or someone. The subject is the person himself. The purpose of the work is to understand how a person behaves in relation to something or someone. Objectives: understand the motives of human behavior, study the types and role of emotions, as well as human needs. There are two types of behavior, so to speak: verbal (verbal) and real.
Verbal behavior
is our statements, opinions, judgments, evidence.
Sometimes people do not pay attention to the words spoken in moments of irritation or fatigue. An indispensable condition for mutual understanding in communication is a sympathetic, kind attitude towards the interlocutor. This idea was expressed very precisely by teacher and doctor Janusz Korczak: “I have often thought about what it means to be kind? It seems to me that a kind person is a person who has imagination and understands how another feels, knows how to feel what another feels.” Probably everyone will remember the situation: they came to visit friends whom they had not seen for a long time, they were going to have a friendly conversation, but the conversation did not work out. And all because everyone speaks noisily, amicably, with enthusiasm, each has his own thing and does not listen to each other. And the end result is no pleasure from the meeting. Cicero also said: “You should not take possession of a conversation as a fief from which you have the right to survive the other.”
3 pages, 1457 words
Creative personality - essence and development
Volgo-Vyatka Academy of Public Service Test in psychology. Creative personality – essence and development. Completed by: Nevezhkina I.A. ...
Real behavior
is our practical actions and actions.
In our behavior, we usually focus on certain rules, are guided by certain moral principles, to which we subordinate our aspirations and actions. However, knowledge of moral standards accepted in a given society does not always correspond to human behavior. There may be cases of discrepancies between the two. There are often cases when people know moral standards, but do not follow them in their behavior. The correspondence of moral knowledge and moral behavior indicates a person’s high moral development.
When writing the work, textbooks, scientific works, and lecture courses were used.
This work consists of an introduction, main part and conclusion.
1. Motivation for activity and behavior
1.1 Needs, motivational states and motives for activity
The prerequisite for human behavior, the source of his activity, is need. In need of certain conditions, a person strives to eliminate the resulting deficiency. The conditions necessary for human life and development are divided into the following groups:
a) conditions necessary for the life and development of man as a natural organism (hence natural or organic needs);
b) conditions necessary for the life and development of a person as an individual, as a representative of the human race (conditions for communication, knowledge and work);
c) the conditions necessary for the life and development of a given person as an individual, to satisfy a broad system of his individualized needs.
Need is the need to equalize deviations from the parameters of life that are optimal for a person as a biological being, an individual and a personality . Needs determine the direction of a given person’s psyche, its increased excitability to certain aspects of reality. Needs are divided into natural and cultural . Cultural needs are divided into material, material-spiritual (books, art objects, etc.) and spiritual. Human needs are socially determined. Depending on the range of social requirements these needs are associated with, their different levels differ. Human needs are hierarchized, i.e. organized in a certain subordinate scheme.
3 pages, 1398 words
To analyze the significance of play activities in the development of a preschooler’s personality, to develop recommendations for organizing play activities in preschool
Introduction. Children's play is a very important moment in the development of a child, the way through which he learns about the world around him. The game teaches the child to communicate, teaches him to be kind, brave, active, and instills a sense of responsibility. The game brings adults and children together and helps them better understand each other. Games are very necessary at an early age: they give the child joy, confidence in himself and his abilities, excites...
The hierarchy of personal needs changes with the development of the individual; its highest levels “mature” only when the individual reaches psychological maturity. But once formed, the highest levels of needs, especially the needs for self-realization and self-improvement, begin to play a system-forming role in the system of needs. Autonomy of its individual levels leads to a narrowing of the interests of the individual, and in some cases to asocial ways of realizing them. A socialized person has a need for self-esteem, to understand himself, the meaning of his existence. This is of great importance for its adaptation to the environment.
For normal social functioning it is necessary to include a person in activities in which he would find the meaning of his existence. From this follows the need for work , creative work, in which the basic abilities of a person would be revealed. The absence of this fundamental human need is the main indicator of social deformation of the individual. People's needs depend on the historical level of production and consumption, on human living conditions, on traditions and prevailing tastes in a given social group . Needs are consolidated in the process of satisfying them. The satisfied need first disappears, but then arises with greater intensity. Weak needs become more persistent in the process of their repeated satisfaction. More and more new needs arising as a result of activity are the main incentive for both the development of the individual and the historical progress of society as a whole. A need becomes the basis of a behavioral act only if the necessary means and conditions (subject of activity, instrument of activity, knowledge and methods of action) are available or can be created to satisfy it.
2 pages, 561 words
Individual psychological characteristics of a person that meet the requirements of this activity and are a condition for its successful implementation.
... A complex innate action through which needs are satisfied. A) Instinct B) Irritation C...) Conservatism Individual psychological characteristics of a person that meet the requirements of a given activity and are a condition for its successful implementation... Weak, flexible A combination of essential personality traits that show a person’s attitude to the world around him and are expressed in...
The more diverse the means of satisfying a given need, the more firmly they are fixed.
A need, from a neurophysiological point of view, is the formation of a dominant, a stable excitation of certain brain mechanisms that are associated with the regulation of necessary behavioral acts. The emerging need causes motivational excitation of the corresponding nerve centers, inducing the body to a certain type of activity. At the same time, all the necessary memory mechanisms are revived, data on the presence of external conditions are processed, and on the basis of this, a purposeful action is formed. So, an actualized need causes a certain neurophysiological state - motivation.
Motivation is a need-driven excitation of certain nervous structures (functional systems) that cause directed activity of the body .
The admission of certain sensory stimulations into the cerebral cortex, their strengthening or weakening, depends on the motivational state. The effectiveness of an external stimulus depends not only on its objective qualities, but also on the motivational state of the body (a well-fed body does not respond to the most attractive food).
4 pp., 1915 words
Difficult People: 4 Behaviors
Do nothing You will have to tolerate difficult people, and then the “harm” from them will not decrease. Resentment and grief will accumulate, and very soon your condition will leave much to be desired. “Vote with your feet” Sometimes it’s better to just up and leave! Not every situation has a way out right now, so it’s simply useless to try to resolve some of them. ! It’s worth “voting with your feet” when there is no longer...
External stimuli become stimuli, that is, signals to action only with the appropriate motivational state of the body.
Thus, need-driven motivational states are characterized by the fact that the brain models the parameters of objects that are necessary to satisfy the need, and patterns of activity to master the required object. These patterns - behavioral programs - can be either innate, instinctive, or based on individual experience, or newly created from elements of experience. The implementation of activities is controlled by comparing the achieved intermediate and final results with what was pre-programmed. Satisfying a need relieves motivational tension and, causing a positive emotion, “affirms” this type of activity (including it in the fund of useful actions).
Failure to satisfy a need causes negative emotion, increased motivational tension and, at the same time, search activity. Thus, motivation is an individualized mechanism for correlating external and internal factors that determines the behavior of a given individual . In the animal world, modes of behavior are determined by a reflexive correlation of the external situation with current, pressing organic needs. Thus, hunger causes certain actions depending on the external situation.
In human life, the external environment itself can actualize various needs. Thus, in a criminally dangerous situation, one person is guided only by the organic need of self-preservation, another is dominated by the need to fulfill his civic duty, the need to help other people, a third is dominated by the need to show daring in a fight, to distinguish himself, etc. All forms and methods of a person’s conscious behavior are determined by his relationships to various aspects of reality. Human motivational states differ significantly from the motivational states of animals in that they are regulated by a second signaling system—the word. Motivational states of a person include attitudes, interests, desires, aspirations and drives .
3 pages, 1083 words
Classification of emotions. Emotional states
... a person, captures him, owns him. Mood is a general emotional state over a long period of time. Colors and gives an emotional tone. Unlike emotions and feelings... One of the longest lasting emotional states. It affects human activity and can arise as…. This category of emotions is caused by a person’s reaction to material and spiritual needs: for example, strong...
1.2 Types of motivational states: attitudes, interests, desires, aspirations, drives
An attitude is a stereotypical willingness to act in a certain way in a given situation . This readiness for stereotypic behavior arises from past experience. Attitudes are the unconscious basis of behavioral acts in which neither the purpose of the action nor the need for the sake of which it is performed is realized.
The following types of installations are distinguished:
1) Situational-motor (motor) attitude (for example, the readiness of the hand to operate large or small objects).
2) Sensory-perceptual installation (waiting for a call, identifying a significant signal from the general noise background).
3) Social-perceptual attitude - stereotypes of perception of socially significant objects (for example, the presence of tattoos is interpreted as a sign of a criminalized personality).
4) Cognitive - cognitive attitude (the investigator’s prejudice regarding the guilt of the interrogated leads to the dominance of incriminating evidence in his mind, while exculpatory evidence recedes into the background).
5) Mnemonic setting - setting to memorize significant material.
But in most cases, a person is aware of the actions necessary under given conditions, anticipates their results in ideal images, and realizes the purpose of these actions. The objective conditions of behavior are recognized in a system of concepts. The motivational state of a person is a mental reflection of the conditions necessary for the life of a person as an organism, an individual and a personality . This reflection of the necessary conditions is carried out in the form of interests, desires, aspirations and drives.
Interest (from the Latin “interest” - matters) is a selective attitude towards objects and phenomena as a result of understanding their meaning and emotional experience of significant situations . The breadth and depth of a person’s interests determines the fullness of his life. The narrow range of interests, their dependence only on material needs, and the lack of full-fledged sustainable interests often underlie criminal behavior. Personality characteristics include determining the range of interests of a given person. A person’s interests are closely related to his desires. Desire is a motivational state in which needs are correlated with a specific object for their satisfaction . If a need cannot be satisfied in a given situation, but this situation can be created, then the focus of consciousness on creating such a desired situation is called aspiration. Striving with a clear idea of the necessary means and methods of action is intention. A type of desire is passion - a persistent emotional desire for a certain object, the need for which dominates over all other needs and gives a corresponding direction to all human activity. The state of passion is acutely and violently experienced. But passion, unlike impulsive actions, is regulated by will. It is aimed at achieving a previously realized goal. Passion can be positive or negative depending on the social value of what the person is striving for. Many negative passions (passion for acquisitiveness, gambling, etc.) lead to personality degradation and are often a prerequisite for criminal behavior. Positive passions mobilize a person’s strength to achieve socially significant goals (for example, passion for art, science, certain types of work, etc.).
“The complete absence of passions, if such could be achieved, would lead to complete stupefaction, and the more impartial a person is, the closer he is to this state. A person’s predominant aspirations for certain types of activities are his inclinations, and the state of obsessive attraction to a certain group of objects is drives . Attractions can be natural and formed in social conditions. Natural inclinations are not always realized. They are associated with organic processes and can only be regulated by consciousness to a very small extent. The drives themselves can significantly influence the organization and direction of consciousness. “The drive sets tasks for the intellect for its satisfaction and uses it as a working apparatus. It puts pressure on thinking, chaining it to finding ways to satisfy itself and forcing it to work in the right direction until a successful outcome is found.”1
Motive is a conscious impulse to achieve a specific goal; it is a necessary element of conscious, volitional, intentional action..
One of the main features of developed human knowledge is the ability to make intelligent choices among one's own inclinations.
“To do this, the individual must be able to rise above his drives and, abstracting from them, realize himself as an “I,” as a subject who may have certain drives, but who is not exhausted by any one of them , nor their sum, but, rising above them, is able to make a choice between them”2. This choice is carried out by the hierarchically organized motivational sphere of a person. The formation of the motivational sphere of the individual is characterized by a transition from a single-level system of incentives to hierarchically organized sets of incentives, regulated by the individual’s self-awareness. With the conscious-volitional regulation of impulses, the highest levels of impulses are opposed to lower levels, drives .
But people are often not fully aware of their actions. Many behavioral acts are impulsive, serving the function of emotional release. Impulsive reactions are not associated with awareness of the goal; they are clearly determined in a given individual by external influence. Impulsive reactions are not mediated by anticipation of their consequences and do not have conscious motives. 2.
Types and role of emotions in human life.
Emotions are a special class of subjective psychological states that reflect, in the form of direct experiences, feelings of pleasant or unpleasant, a person’s relationship to the world and people, the process and results of his practical activity. In humans, the main function of emotions is that thanks to emotions we understand each other better, we can, without using speech, judge each other’s states and better prepare for joint activities and communication.
In higher animals, and especially in humans, expressive movements have become a finely differentiated language with the help of which living beings exchange information about their states and what is happening around them. These are the expressive and communicative functions of emotions. In critical conditions, when the subject is unable to find a quick and reasonable way out of a dangerous situation, a special type of emotional processes arises - affect. One of the significant manifestations of affect is that it, “imposing stereotypical actions on the subject, represents a certain way of “emergency” resolution of situations fixed in evolution: flight, numbness, aggression, etc.”
Emotional sensations have been biologically, in the process of evolution, established as a unique way of maintaining the life process within its optimal boundaries and warn about the destructive nature of the lack or excess of any factors.
The more complexly organized a living being is, the higher the level on the evolutionary ladder it occupies, the richer the range of various emotional states that it is capable of experiencing. The quantity and quality of a person’s needs generally corresponds to the number and variety of emotional experiences and feelings characteristic of him, and the higher the need in its social and moral significance, the more exalted the feeling associated with it.
The oldest in origin, the simplest and most widespread form of emotional experiences among living beings is the pleasure obtained from satisfying organic needs, and the displeasure associated with the inability to do this when the corresponding need intensifies. Almost all elementary organic sensations have their own emotional tone. The close connection that exists between emotions and the activity of the body is evidenced by the fact that any emotional state is accompanied by many physiological changes in the body. Attempts to connect these changes with specific emotions have been made repeatedly and have been aimed at proving that the complexes of organic changes that accompany various subjectively experienced emotional states are different. However, we have not been able to clearly establish which of the subjectively given unequal emotional experiences are accompanied by which organic changes.
This circumstance is essential for understanding the vital role of emotions. It suggests that our subjective experiences are not an immediate, direct reflection of our own organic processes. The characteristics of the emotional states we experience are probably associated not so much with the organic changes that accompany them, but rather with the sensations that arise during this process. Nevertheless, there is still a certain relationship between the specifics of emotional sensations and organic reactions. It is expressed in the form of the following connection, which has received experimental confirmation: the closer to the central nervous system the source of organic changes associated with emotions is located, and the fewer sensitive nerve endings it contains, the weaker the subjective emotional experience that arises.
The basic emotional states that a person experiences are divided into actual emotions, feelings and affects. Emotions and feelings anticipate the process aimed at satisfying a need, have an ideational character and are, as it were, at the beginning of it. Emotions and feelings express the meaning of a situation for a person from the point of view of a currently relevant need, the significance of the upcoming action or activity for its satisfaction. Emotions can be caused by both real and imagined situations. They, like feelings, are perceived by a person as his own internal experiences, transmitted to other people, and empathized with.
Emotions are relatively weakly manifested in external behavior, sometimes from the outside they are completely invisible to an outsider, if a person knows how to hide his feelings well. They, accompanying one or another behavioral act, are not always conscious, although all behavior, as we have found out, is associated with emotions, since it is aimed at satisfying a need. A person's emotional experience is usually much broader than the experience of his individual experiences. A person’s feelings, on the contrary, are outwardly very noticeable.
Emotions and feelings are personal formations. They characterize a person socially and psychologically. Emphasizing the actual personal significance of emotional processes, V.K. Viliunas writes: “An emotional event can cause the formation of new emotional relationships to various circumstances... The object of love-hate becomes everything that is cognized by the subject as the cause of pleasure-displeasure.” Emotions usually follow the actualization of the motive and before the rational assessment of the adequacy of the subject’s activity to it. They are a direct reflection, an experience of existing relationships, and not their reflection. Emotions are capable of anticipating situations and events that have not yet actually occurred, and arise in connection with ideas about previously experienced or imagined situations.
Feelings are objective in nature and are associated with a representation or idea about a certain object. Another feature of feelings is that they are improved and, developing, form a number of levels, starting from immediate feelings and ending with higher feelings related to spiritual values and ideals. The feelings are historical. They vary among different peoples and can be expressed differently in different historical periods among people belonging to the same nations and cultures. In the individual development of a person, feelings play an important socializing role. They act as a significant factor in the formation of personality, especially its motivational sphere. On the basis of positive emotional experiences such as feelings, the needs and interests of a person appear and are consolidated.
Affects are particularly pronounced emotional states accompanied by visible changes in the behavior of the person experiencing them. Affect does not precede behavior, but is, as it were, shifted to its end. This is a reaction that arises as a result of an action or deed that has already been committed and expresses its subjective emotional coloring from the point of view of the extent to which, as a result of this action, it was possible to achieve the set goal, to satisfy the need that stimulated it. Affects contribute to the formation of so-called affective complexes in perception, expressing the integrity of the perception of certain situations. The development of affect is subject to the following law: the stronger the initial motivational stimulus of behavior and the more effort had to be spent on implementing it, the smaller the result obtained as a result of all this, the stronger the resulting affect. Unlike emotions and feelings, affects occur violently, quickly, and are accompanied by pronounced organic changes and motor reactions. Affects, as a rule, interfere with the normal organization of behavior and its rationality. They are capable of leaving strong and lasting traces in long-term memory. Unlike affects, the work of emotions and feelings is associated primarily with short-term and operative memory. Emotional tension accumulated as a result of the occurrence of affectogenic situations can accumulate and sooner or later, if it is not released in time, lead to a strong and violent emotional release, which, while relieving tension, often entails a feeling of fatigue, depression, depression.
One of the most common types of affect these days is stress.
It is a state of excessively strong and prolonged psychological stress that occurs in a person when his nervous system receives emotional overload. Stress disorganizes a person’s activities and disrupts the normal course of his behavior. Stress, especially if it is frequent and prolonged, has a negative impact not only on the psychological state, but also on a person’s physical health. They represent the main “risk factors” for the emergence and exacerbation of diseases such as cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases.
Passion -
another type of complex, qualitatively unique and occurring only in humans emotional states. Passion is a fusion of emotions, motives and feelings concentrated around a specific activity or subject. A person can become the object of passion. S.L. Rubinstein wrote that “passion is always expressed in concentration, concentration of thoughts and forces, their focus on a single goal... Passion means impulse, passion, orientation of all aspirations and forces of the individual in a single direction, concentrating them on a single goal.”
CONCLUSION
The term “behavior” in science is associated with activity, a system of actions, which consists of adaptation, adaptation to the existing existing environment, moreover, in animals only to the natural one, and in humans – also to the social one. To achieve life goals and when implementing individual tasks, a person can use two types of behavior. Typically these types of behavior are labeled “natural” and “ritual.” The differences between them are completely invisible at first glance, but are fundamental. Natural behavior is individually significant and egocentric: it is always aimed at achieving individual goals and is adequate to them. Therefore, for a person in a situation of carrying out such behavior, there is no question of the correspondence of goals and means. The goal can and should be achieved by any means. The discrepancy between goals and means of achieving them makes it possible to isolate natural egocentric behavior into a special form. It is socially unregulated, fundamentally immoral, or rather “unceremonious.” It is natural, natural in nature, since it is aimed at providing organic needs. In society, “natural” egocentric behavior is prohibited. Despite the immanent nature of social life, it is always based on convention and mutual concessions on the part of all individuals. But the behavior of concessions is ritual, “ceremonious” - this is individually unnatural behavior, although it is thanks to such behavior that society exists and reproduces. Thanks to ritual behavior, a person seems to be in the cradle of social well-being: every minute he is convinced that the state of affairs is preserved, and his social status is unshakable. Ritual behavior is a means of ensuring the stability of the social structure. And every person who implements forms of ritual behavior thereby carries out activities to ensure social sustainability.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
1. Grushevitskaya T.G., Popkov V.D., Sadokhin A.P. Fundamentals of intercultural communication: Textbook for universities (Ed. A.P. Sadokhin. - M.: UNITY-DANA, 2007. - 352 p.
2. Deryabin E.S. Feelings, attractions, emotions. L., 2001, p. 137
- Olenin S. L. Fundamentals of general psychology. M, 2000, p. 510
4. Radugin A.A., Radugin K.A. Sociology. Lecture course. M., 2007
5. Frolov S.S. Sociology. Textbook. M., 2006
1 Deryabin E. S. Feelings, attractions, emotions. L., 2001. P. 137.
2 Olenin S. L. Fundamentals of general psychology. M., 2000. P. 510.
