Personal self-awareness

What is self-awareness

Self-awareness is a certain attitude of a person towards himself, awareness of himself, his place, interests, experiences, behavior and others. This is not a given, but a result of development.

The source of the development of self-awareness is the generalization of a person’s knowledge about other people, comparison of their experiences with one’s own (life, professional, love). The more self-awareness develops, the more his inner world opens to a person.

Self-concept is the result of a person’s self-awareness, that is, a person’s theory about himself. Moreover, the self-concept can take more private forms, for example, being professional.

The structure of self-awareness

Self-awareness includes three elements.

Cognitive (self-understanding)

It is characterized as a person’s idea of his abilities, appearance, temperament, and so on. That is, we are talking about self-knowledge as an element of self-awareness.

Emotional-evaluative (self-attitude)

It assumes an adequate assessment of one’s characteristics, that is, self-love (self-acceptance), self-respect, self-criticism, self-esteem, self-control and more.

Behavioral or volitional (self-regulation)

It is expressed in the desire to be understood and accepted by society, to gain respect from others, and to acquire a certain status.

Self-actualization

Self-actualization is not so much part of the structure of self-consciousness as inextricably linked with it. It can be characterized as a person’s desire to maximize the identification and development of personal characteristics and capabilities. This is the need for constant self-improvement and disclosure of one's potential.

Self-esteem

Self-esteem allows a person to evaluate his own strengths, characteristics and regulate behavior in accordance with the results. Self-esteem can be adequate, underestimated or overestimated. The last two types have a destructive effect on the personality and lead to internal conflicts. Self-esteem at any age is influenced by external assessment, the only difference is the strength of this influence.

Level of aspiration

This is the desired level of self-esteem, that is, it is closely related to the previous component and the ideal self (more on this in the next paragraph). The level of aspirations determines the possible level of achievement of an individual and the development of his abilities. Expressed in the difficulty of the goal of the activity.

Individual self-awareness and social behavior

Test “Man in the system of social relations”

Social and individual consciousness.

Social consciousness

- a set of collective ideas inherent in a certain era, social consciousness interacts with individual consciousness.

Structure of public consciousness:

• psychological level (psychology) • theoretical level (ideology) • practical level (behavior)
Forms of social consciousness:
• art (artistic consciousness) • science (philosophy) • morality • legal consciousness (law) • religion • ideology (political consciousness) – the highest form of social consciousness Forms
of social consciousness
depend on life, the structure of social institutions, the organization of the process of cognition, etc. Therefore, they are always closely related to a certain
type of social relations
: economic, political, moral, aesthetic, relations between members of the scientific community.
Mass consciousness
is the stereotyped consciousness of ordinary citizens of a developed industrial society, formed under the massive influence of the media and stereotypes of mass culture.
Political consciousness
is a form of social consciousness, the totality of all theoretical and spontaneously arising political ideas and attitudes that exist in a given era.

Socialization of the individual. Social role. Social status

the individual primarily influences his behavior.
A model of behavior focused on a given status
is usually called
a social role
.
The following types of social roles are distinguished:
• psychosomatic (dependence on biological needs, human culture) • psychodramatic (dependence on the requirements of the environment) • social (dependence on the expectations of representatives of other social categories) Social role

- this is a kind of
pattern of behavior
required from a bearer of a certain status.
When claiming this status, a person must fulfill all the role requirements assigned to this social position. The process of realizing social roles as a whole is determined by the following factors:
• a person’s biopsychological capabilities, which can facilitate or hinder the fulfillment of a particular social role • a personal pattern that determines a set of behavioral characteristics necessary for the successful fulfillment of a role • the nature of the role accepted in the group and features of social control designed to monitor the fulfillment of role behavior • the structure of the group, its cohesion and the degree of identification of the individual with the group.
In the process of realizing social roles,

difficulties
may arise due to the need for a person to perform many
roles
. There are intra-role (the requirements of one role contradict each other), inter-role (the requirements of one role contradict another role), personal-role (the requirements of the role contradict the needs of the individual) role conflicts.

Social roles in adolescence.

The youth

is a socio-demographic group identified on the basis of a set of age characteristics.

Social roles in adolescence:

son/daughter, brother/sister, grandson/granddaughter, student/student, employee, family man, sports participant, subculture participant, social movement participant, social interaction participant.
Features of the social status of young people:
• transitional status • high level of mobility • acquiring new social roles • searching for a place in life • career prospects

Spiritual life of a person.

Spiritual world

- the inner, spiritual life of a person, which includes knowledge, faith, feelings, and aspirations of people.
The spiritual world
of everyone can be correctly understood only taking into account his belonging to
a social community
in close connection with
the spiritual life of society
.
A person who has a highly developed spiritual life, as a rule, possesses an important personal quality - spirituality
.
Spirituality
means striving for the heights of ideals and thoughts that determine the morality of all activities.

On the contrary, a person whose spiritual life is poorly developed is unspiritual, unable to see and feel all the diversity and beauty of the world around him. At the highest level of human development, the motives and meanings of his life become not personal needs and relationships, but the highest human values

.
The assimilation of certain values, such as truth, goodness, beauty, creates value orientations
, i.e.
a person’s conscious desire to build his life and transform reality in accordance with them. In a person’s life, a special role is played by the guidelines of his life and activity, a kind of spiritual beacons, which, as a rule, are developed by the centuries-old experience of mankind and are passed on from generation to generation. The most striking of them are moral and ideological guidelines. Worldview
(briefly) is the totality of a person’s views on the world that surrounds him.
Worldview
(complete) is a set of views, assessments, norms and attitudes that determine a person’s attitude to the world around him, his place in it and act as guidelines and regulators of individual behavior.

Individual self-awareness and social behavior.

Self-awareness

(social) - a person’s awareness of his actions, feelings, thoughts, motives of behavior, interests, his position in society.
Self-awareness
(intrapersonal) is a person’s awareness of himself as an individual capable of making decisions and taking responsibility for them.
Social behavior
is the behavior of a person in society, designed to have a certain impact on the people around him and society as a whole.

Types of social behavior:

• mass (mass activity) – group (interaction of several people) • prosocial – asocial • helping – competitive • deviant (deviant) – illegal • (significant) manifestation of good and evil, friendship and enmity • (significant) desire for success, power • (meaningful) confidence and self-doubt

Freedom and responsibility.

Liberty

(actions) – absence of obstacles, frameworks, boundaries.
Freedom (moral) is the ability of a person to act in accordance with his goals and interests, to make choices
.
Freedom
(needs) – conscious adherence to necessity.
Freedom
(long-term) is regularity, constancy, inexorability in the implementation by a person of moral requirements.
freedom
is inextricably linked with responsibility for one’s actions, duty and responsibilities.
Free will
- a person’s ability to self-determinate in his actions

The structure of the self-concept

At the same time, if we consider the product of self-consciousness - images of the Self, we can distinguish:

I am real (as I am now);
I am ideal (what I can become in accordance with my capabilities);
I am fantastic (what I could become if it were possible).

The contradiction between the ideal self and the real self can serve as both an impetus for self-development and cause personality disharmony. It is worth noting that self-awareness is a dynamic structure. She is prone to changes and transformations of self-images.

In some theories there is a broader classification of self-images. Stands out:

I am real;
I am the ideal;
Self-potential;
I am personal;
I-activity (professional, non-professional).

In other works, for example, Sh. Samuel, you can find the concept:

I-bodily;
I-real (present, actual);
Self-dynamic;
I-fantastic;
I-probable;
I-idealized;
I-represented;
I-ideal;
Future (possible) self.

I am corporeal

Each person has a sense of his own body, which may differ from what is shown in the mirror. This refers to signals sent to the brain about the location of body parts, their shape and length. Within the framework of the I-bodily, we can additionally distinguish:

real perception in terms of subjective functionality;
internal factors caused by personal experiences or difficult situations;
social factors, that is, environmental reactions and the interpretation of these reactions by the individual;
the ideal body image as a result of the combination of all factors, comparison and a person’s perception of his body.

Real Me

The totality of a person’s ideas about himself at a given moment in time (as he seems to himself). However, this idea does not necessarily correspond to objective reality. The present self provides flexibility in reactions in response to changing environmental conditions. It allows you to choose personal goals, behavioral strategies, claims, and more.

Self-dynamic

Reflects the personality’s ideas about it, but in projection, that is, about what a person wants to become (goal). Depends on a person’s social status, opportunities and successes. The dynamic self is prone to changes, which are influenced by the successes and failures of the individual, identification with significant and ideal (in the person’s mind) people, ideas about desired roles and status.

I'm fantastic

Essentially, these are a person’s dreams, ideas about what he would be like if everything were possible. As a rule, this component exists only until adolescence, and as a person grows older, it begins to actively collapse.

I'm perfect

A person’s ideas about what he should become, based on the learned norms and values of society. Depends on the moral development of the individual, moral maturity and socialization. It is formed in the process of a person’s identification with people (heroes) whom he admires.

If the ideal self does not transform into the dynamic, and then into the present, then, most likely, it will disintegrate completely. This is dangerous with disappointment and frustration.

I am possible (future)

A person's ideas about what he can become. Most often it differs from the ideal self. It is formed on the basis of a person’s real position, real status, opportunities and role.

Idealized self

A person’s ideas about what he would like to be right now, how he would like to see himself. This is an incoming component that depends on the specific situation.

Self-represented

Images created and exhibited by a person specifically for display in order to hide undesirable (negative in his opinion) traits, qualities of the present self. The represented self plays the role of protection and adaptation.

Most often, the imagined Self is close to the ideal Self, but if these components differ and do not come close, then problems arise in a person’s relationships, and later the person is subject to disappointment and frustration. A sign of such inconsistency and incipient frustration is embarrassment.

I'm fake

It represents a distorted “I-real”, that is, self-deception of the individual. With frequent reproduction of false but desirable personality traits:

afraid of negative self-esteem;
expects negative attitude from outside;
incapable of actions that nurture self-respect.

From the false self, many protective mechanisms of the personality are activated, which ultimately acquire a pathological character. All self-knowledge is distorted, and then the knowledge and perception of interpersonal relationships.

Developing Self Awareness

The essence of developing self-awareness can be described through 3 components:

The dynamics of how a person separates himself from his environment. Moreover, both as an organism, and as an individual, and as a person, and as an individual.
The second component of the development of self-awareness is a change in self-control, that is, the ability to influence one’s activities. As a person grows and develops, a transition occurs from control of physiological reactions to control of consciousness.
The third component is self-acceptance, the ability to adequately and differentiatedly assess one’s characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.

The formation of self-awareness begins with a person’s identification of himself with the world and other people, and ends with autonomy, that is, highlighting his individuality, distinctive features and accepting them.

A child from 3 to 8 months actively learns about his body; at 7-8 months, attention switches to studying the immediate and distant surroundings. These are the first elements of developing self-awareness.
The desire for autonomy gradually increases, which is reflected in behavior. But along with independence comes responsibility. In the second year of life, the child already acts as a subject of activity. He can act out of situation.
A little later, the baby can be called an object and subject of self-knowledge. By the age of 3, a child is already familiar with his body and its characteristics, and has conscious emotions from which standards are formed.
Preschool children are characterized by subordination of motives and awareness of themselves as the subject of relationships. By the age of 6, the social self is formed, which is manifested by a differentiated assessment, the desire to follow external standards and models or internal beliefs.
At primary school age, the active development of the social self occurs.
Adolescence is characterized by the desire to understand one’s individuality, but at the same time personal and social identity, that is, to determine similarity with other people or a group. By the end of adolescence, the orientation of the personality is formed.
Youth is characterized by the development of will, self-control, and the construction of life plans. There comes greater independence and objectivity in judgment, along with this - a strong need for self-realization.
Adulthood and old age are characterized by the implementation of plans and evaluation of results, the search for integrity. Personal growth also occurs through crises (age-related, individual).

Thus, the peak of development of self-awareness occurs in adolescence and young adulthood. D. Marcia identified 4 possible options for the formation of self-awareness:

A foregone conclusion. An individual’s acceptance of responsibilities appropriate to gender and age, without going through a crisis of choice, that is, parents or other people decided for him. As a result of this, a person suffers from low self-esteem, but is not anxious and is attentive to the advice of other people.
Diffusion. This style of identity, that is, self-awareness, is characterized by fragmentation as the desire to try everything without having a life plan, motives and goals. As a rule, this is typical for those who are afraid of becoming an outcast and do not want to take responsibility.
Moratorium. This category includes active people searching for themselves. They are always at the center of decision making, their every action is highly emotionally charged.
Identity itself. This is the highest stage of development. Individuals who have achieved it have made a choice, accepted responsibility for their own lives, strive to live and follow their convictions.

Every person knows that he has consciousness, that is, the ability to be aware of the world around him and himself - or self-aware.

Awareness of oneself as a certain physical entity that has a form and other characteristics and can become the subject of self-esteem and judgment of other people accompanies a person throughout his life. It develops on the basis of physiological sensations and impressions experienced by the body at the earliest stages of its existence.

A person’s self-awareness is the totality of his ideas about himself, expressed in the self-concept, and the person’s assessment of these ideas is self-esteem. From the point of view of psychological analysis, self-awareness is a complex mental process, the essence of which consists in the individual’s perception of numerous images of himself in various situations of activity and behavior, in all forms of interaction with other people and in the combination of these images into a single holistic formation - the concept of “I”, one’s own individuality . “The object of self-awareness is not reality, but one’s own personality as a subject of activity,” writes V.S. Merlin.

S. L. Rubinstein in his work “Consciousness and Its Boundaries” (1989) writes that a child’s self-awareness is a stage in the development of consciousness, prepared by the development of speech and voluntary movements, and the growth of independence. He identifies several successive moments in the formation of self-awareness in ontogenesis: mastery of one’s own body, the emergence of voluntary movements, independent movement and self-service. A child’s self-awareness develops from an early age in terms of understanding his Self in the past, present and future. Some authors (L. I. Bozhovich, L. S. Vygotsky, I. S. Kon, M. Kuhn) believe that self-awareness appears only in adolescence.

It is believed that L. S. Vygotsky was one of the first to study the self-awareness of a teenager. He considers the self-awareness of a teenager not only as a phenomenon of his personality and consciousness, but as a special time moment in personality development - from self-knowledge to self-attitude and self-regulation.

In the process of personality development, self-awareness becomes more and more complex, and as the number of images increases, an integrated, deep and adequate image of one’s own is formed. R. Lang writes that self-awareness includes awareness of oneself and awareness of oneself as an object of observation by someone else. Self-awareness develops as the child becomes an individual who consciously distinguishes himself from the world of other people. In the general structure of personality, self-awareness acts as a complex integrative property of its mental activity. On the one hand, it seems to record the result of the mental development of the individual at certain stages, and on the other, it acts as an internal regulator of behavior. Self-awareness influences the further development of the individual and, being one of the necessary internal conditions for the continuity of this process, establishes a balance between external influence, the internal state of the individual and the forms of his behavior.

According to the figurative expression of A. N. Leontyev, the personality is “born twice”; Let us turn to the “second birth of personality,” namely self-awareness. Self-awareness can be defined as an individual’s attitude towards himself, which is closely related to the desire to improve himself. This leads to the following functions of self-awareness: self-knowledge, self-improvement and the search for the meaning of life.

Of particular interest is the work of V. V. Stolin {27} on the structure of a person’s self-awareness. In his opinion, the “unit of self-consciousness” is the meaning of the Self, which contains cognitive, emotional and relational components. The general logic of Stolin’s reasoning boils down to the fact that the multiplicity of activities leads to a multiplicity of meanings of the Self, the intersection of activities leads to actions, actions lead to conflicting meanings of the Self, the conflicting meaning of the Self, in turn, gives rise to the development and further work of self-awareness.

Traditionally, self-awareness as the pinnacle of the human psyche includes the following three closely interrelated components: self-knowledge, self-control (or self-regulation), self-improvement.

Self-knowledge

in turn, consists of
introspection
and
self-esteem.
The temporal dynamics of self-awareness are most fully manifested in
self-esteem -
one of the key personal formations of self-awareness.

In the process of forming self-awareness, as noted by B.I. Dodonov {28}, a person’s emotional and value-based attitude towards himself reaches particular intensity and depth. Diverse feelings and emotional states experienced at different times in different situations in life form the emotional “fund” of self-awareness. This forms the basis of self-esteem, the process of formation of which has no time limit. Self-esteem determines and guides the entire process of self-regulation. The result of this process is directly correlated with the adequacy, stability and depth of self-esteem, and the dynamics of its development.

The following generalized scheme proposed (as a result of an analysis of various points of view on the structure of personality and its self-awareness) by one of the followers of the school of D.N. Uznadze, A.A. Nalchadzhyan, seems interesting:

• I, the center of personality and its self-awareness, and its structure is at the conscious-subconscious level;

• Self-concept or self-awareness is the general structure of self-awareness;

• situational or operational self-images;

• personality properties (character traits, abilities, etc.).

The entire structure is centered around the Self. Cognitive processes constitute a separate “block” of the psyche. The central self of the personality, through the stable structures of the self-concept, controls these processes, regulates them, and directs them towards understanding oneself and the world around us. Other “blocks” are feelings and attitudes, action programs, abilities and skills. The activity of a person’s self-awareness is expressed in the form of situational self-images that “surround” the central self and its self-concept.

Regarding self-awareness, A. A. Nalchadzhyan writes that in its structure several types of elements can be distinguished:

• elements of self-awareness related to the personality's body scheme;

• elements of the present (real) I;

• elements of the ideal self, etc.

Thus, we see that the problem of self-awareness in modern psychological science has been considered from different positions. What is common to all of them is the identification of self-awareness as a separate area in the study of personality, as well as the obviousness of the fact that self-awareness is a necessary condition for the existence of the individual.

From all that has been said, we can conclude that in the structure of a person’s self-awareness three formations develop and function: self-image, self-esteem and self-attitude. Considering that the incompleteness of the doctrine of personality is obvious, let us next consider a brief history of the development of ideas about personality.

Self-awareness in ontogenesis

In the previous paragraph, I already touched upon the connection between human development as a person and as an individual. In this part of the article I want to structure and summarize the development of self-awareness in combination with growing up.

Rudimentary self-awareness

Formed before the age of one year. Characterized by the child’s discovery of his Self.

Allopsychic self-awareness

Formed in 2-3 years. It is manifested by the child’s awareness of himself as an actor and the separation of his actions from the actions of other people.

Somatopsychic self-awareness

Formed by age 7. The child can independently evaluate himself, owns his body and undergoes bodily identification.

Autopsychic self-awareness

Adolescence and adolescence. It is assumed that by the age of 17, the formation of social and moral attitudes and self-awareness is completed. In the future, it does not develop, but changes.

Book by V. S. Mukhina “Personality: Myths and Reality”

Personality: self-creation and creativity

I consider it necessary to say what I mean. F. Nietzsche

But I would turn to God, I would commit my work to God, who does great and unsearchable things... Job. 5:8-9

The most interesting thing in art is the personality of the artist. U.-S. Maugham

1 Self-creation and sense of personality

Creation is a high meaning word meaning to create through creative efforts.

Self-creation is creative efforts directed by a person towards himself. Self-creation requires the ability to reflect on oneself, on others, as well as on those essences of the Great Field of Social Consciousness that are significant for a person’s self-development, which can advance a person in his quest to create himself as an individual.

Self-creation is carried out with the help of introspection, self-knowledge, self-awareness, self-education, self-determination, self-control, self-restraint, independence, self-reliance and other internal human motivations directed towards oneself. In addition to all these concepts that are significant for the self-creation of personality, one cannot ignore such concepts as self-identification, self-isolation and self-alienation. The entire set of concepts has two accents: on the first part of all the listed words - self- and self-, as well as on the equally significant part attached to it with the indicating meaning of what this “himself” does.

Himself - a pronoun used with a noun or personal pronoun means that it is this person who is directly involved in the action (remember: at an early age a child is taught to defend his selfhood: “I”, “I myself,” he declares every time wants to experience his independence).

Self- is the first component of compound words, which, among other meanings, denotes the direction of influence on oneself.

Self-creation always requires a person to concentrate on his characteristics, which he is thinking of developing or which he wants to get rid of.

Self-creation requires humanity from a person - the quality of philanthropy. A humane person is attentive, responsive, sensitive to other people. Only a true personality has humanity.

Reflecting on the duality of human essence, I once came to the understanding that in this regard, a person must have a set of qualities that present him as a social unit and as a unique personality. These qualities, present in a person and interacting with each other, should create that unique thing in us that we call “personality”. Behind all qualitative characteristics, the inherent responses of a person’s binary essence must be seen.

As a generic being, as a social unit included in the generic “we,” a person must be oriented towards the relationships successfully expressed by K. Marx’s model: man - clan - man. This model clearly demonstrates the mutual conditioning of people’s relationships by generic expectations.

In this regard, I think it is correct, turning to human self-creation, to discuss first of all such qualities as humility and obedience that are not very popular in our everyday life today.

Humility and obedience act as values of Orthodoxy and the traditional culture of everyday life of people in many countries professing Orthodoxy.

In Orthodoxy, humility and obedience are more often called humility. Infinite humility gives birth in the soul...

… 2 Creativity is the phenomenological essence of personality

Creativity is a global problem that many philosophers, art historians, psychologists, physiologists and other representatives of sciences interested in understanding this phenomenon strive to understand.

There are so many researchers who deeply study the problem of creativity, eager to know its true essence, that their ideas do not lend themselves to systematic review - the specialist who took up this work is sure to miss or do not consider it necessary to contact this or that author who also took part in the attempt to comprehend the essence of this phenomenon - phenomenon, process, activity, creation of being.

I understand creativity as the phenomenological essence of personality .

If social unity is the bearer of traditions that determine the stability and continuity of social existence, then the individual person in the person of his individual freedom becomes the bearer of “temporal variability” and creative activity.”1

According to my human temperament, I would be ready to immediately begin by outlining my vision of this God's gift in man. However, as a social being and as a person who respects traditions, I will first begin some kind of review of creativity research.

I believe that it would be right to warn my reader what I intend to talk about in this part of my work.

Firstly, as a precursor to discussing creativity, one should turn to what scientists of the distant and recent past thought and continue to think about. At the same time, I do not have the task of naming everyone who thinks about this. I just want to make accents that are meaningful to me.

Secondly, I think it’s right for me to touch on the prerequisites for creativity.

Thirdly, I consider it obligatory for myself to discuss the socio-historical determinants of creative activity.

Fourthly, I consider it obligatory for myself to turn to a discussion of the internal position of a person involved in creativity as an activity.

Fifthly, I think it is right for me to address the problem of creativity associated with a sense of personality.

I'll start in order.

• How interested thinkers see creativity

A hundred years ago, P. K. Engelmeyer wrote in the introduction to his work on creativity that the theory of creativity is still in its infancy, and to such an extent that the very existence of such a theory as a system is controversial2. After a relatively long time, and today (a hundred years later), scientists have not yet reached a final answer to the question of what is the essence of creativity itself. Not the product by which we evaluate the result of creativity, but the human creativity itself. At the same time, the opinions of scientists regarding creativity interact with each other, like the well-known variants of Leonhard Euler’s circles. There may be: equality - overlap of opinions; conjunction - coincidence to varying degrees (overlapping opinions); disjunction - out-of-position (non-overlapping...

…

• The internal position of a person involved in creativity as an activity

Internal position is a person’s special value attitude towards himself, towards the people around him, towards his own life path and towards life in general.

A person’s internal position is organically linked to the structural links of self-consciousness. Usually it is important for a person to: “make a name for himself”; to claim recognition from close significant people, from their colleagues in their chosen activities, from colleagues in the shop, etc. - to the claims of geniuses to leave their name in the centuries, in the annals of history - in the Great Field of public consciousness; establish your name and your achievements as the achievements of a man (or woman) through the context of the nuances of your gender role; to establish oneself within the limits of one’s personal life time, allotted by God and nature, and geniuses - over long periods of time, and even in Eternity, etc. However, a person may not be acutely aware of the connection of his internal position with the influence on him of the structural links of self-consciousness as value expectations of society placed on him and determining his self-awareness as a representative of his historical time, his ethnic group, his gender, etc.

A person involved in creativity, immersed in the search for scientific truth or in the search for an artistic image, often switches so much to the creative process itself that it becomes the essence of his life - his meaning, happiness and despair.

Here we could turn to the lives of people who were great in their creativity. However, it is more important for us to identify specific trends that determine the internal position of the individual in relation to creativity.

For the creator, creativity turns into a way of life to which his life itself is subordinated. Thus, for Charles Darwin - the evolution of the animal world, for G. Hardy - mathematics, for A. Einstein - the search for the laws of nature were the core of their lives - from youth until death. Thus, for I.M. Sechenov, I.P. Pavlov, V.I. Vernadsky and many other remarkable scientists of my country, science also stood at the forefront. The rest of life seemed to accompany the main activity, the main meaning of life - creativity, the search for truth.

N.A. Berdyaev wrote: “The topic of creativity, the creative calling of a person is the main theme of my life. The posing of this topic was not for me the result of philosophical thought, it was an internal experience, an internal insight. The topic I raised about creativity is usually misunderstood. It is understood in the usual sense of cultural creativity, creativity of the “sciences and arts,” creativity of artistic works, writing books, etc. <…> But my topic is completely different, much deeper. I did not raise the question of justification by creativity at all. Creativity does not need justification, it justifies a person, it is anthropodicy. This is a theme about man’s relationship to God, about man’s response to God.”3 N. A. Berdyaev is a permanent...

1Frank S. L. Spiritual foundations of society. - M., 1992. - P. 126. 2Engelmeyer P.K. Theory of creativity. - St. Petersburg, 1910. 3Berdyaev N. A. Self-knowledge // Berdyaev N. A. Russian idea. - M.; Kharkov, 2002. - P. 456; It's him. The meaning of Creativity: The experience of human justification. - M.; Kharkov, 2002; It's him. Experience of paradoxical ethics. - M., 2003.

Mistakes in the development of self-awareness

If the crisis is not resolved correctly, then identification will be inadequate. We can distinguish the following variants of the abnormal development of self-awareness, which affect the individual and his relationships with the world:

Avoidance of close interpersonal relationships.
Fear of change and growing up, inadequate understanding of time, blurring of its boundaries.
Wasting your own potential, productive and creative abilities. Inability to activate internal resources and concentrate on one activity.
Refusal of self-determination and self-knowledge, selection of negative role models.

Separately, I would like to consider the option of developing an unfavorable self-concept, which is characterized by personal uncertainty, fear of rejection, and low self-esteem. This type of self-awareness is dangerous in the following ways:

low self-esteem, which is reflected by social degradation, failure, aggressiveness, crime and asociality;
reaction of adaptation in difficult situations, which is dangerous with the risk of being drawn into asocial groups and being influenced from outside;
inadequate perception, which is reflected both in a person’s analysis of his actions or appearance, and in the analysis of external situations.

Other disorders in the development of self-awareness include:

underdevelopment of self-awareness, that is, dependence on other people;
distorted self-image;
egocentrism (a distorted view of one’s role in the world);
pathologies (mental disorders and diseases).

Functions of self-awareness

The main function is to make the motives and results of actions accessible to the individual, to allow him to evaluate himself. Self-awareness ensures conscious adaptation of the individual to the environment.

Other features include:

ensuring internal consistency (sometimes self-awareness may not even allow some external factors into the inner world if they do not correspond to something from the Self);
interpretation of individual experience, that is, the nature of the perception of the situation (self-awareness and self-concept explain why two people can see the same situation differently, that is, the self-concept not only interprets our behavior, but also “explains” to us the meaning of behavior other people);
defining expectations, that is, what should happen (closely related to acceptance and non-acceptance, as well as vision of the situation).

Having understood the essence and structure of self-awareness, as well as its functions, you can easily understand and notice how different and unique each person is. “I expected one thing, but got another,” “I wanted the best, but it turned out as always,” “I didn’t mean it,” “I know that I’ll look like a fool again,” “Come on, he wasn’t flirting. I’m sure that I can’t please anyone” - all these are games of self-awareness and its 3 main functions.

Functions and purposes

Goals:

Cognition, experience of the inner world.
Reflection of the world.
Study of feelings, emotions.
Overcoming psychological barriers and fears that prevent development and block certain areas of life.

The main function of self-awareness is to evaluate oneself from the outside, to study personal motives and the results of actions. Additional tasks:

interpretation of experience;
setting expectations;
ensuring internal consistency;
identifying personal boundaries.

Self-awareness must ensure the individual's conscious adaptation in relation to the environment. After studying personal characteristics, an individual can change to achieve the ideal. If an individual is mistaken about his qualities and actions, he will face difficulties and disappointments.