Factors influencing personality development. Personality formation.

What are factors of personality development in psychology

Personal development is a long process, during which the formation of physical and spiritual forces and the realization of a person in society occur. Spirituality, priorities and outlook on life depend on the conditions in which childhood and adolescence take place.

Factors of personality development are forces that promote the process of formation of an individual and help to develop in all spheres of life. From early childhood and throughout life, they influence a person through family upbringing and through the educational system.

Heredity and environment in the development and formation of personality

The formation of personality traits is influenced by biological and social factors. The influence of heredity and environment is undeniable, since they are external and internal factors of development. They can also be called natural and social. Professors all over the world are struggling over which of them is the leading factor in personal development.

Heredity as a factor in personality development

What do we inherit from our parents, besides the color of our eyes, skin and hair? Is there a gene responsible for a child's future intelligence? Yes and no. We inherit only abilities for some type of activity (sports, languages, creativity), but not ready-made data with the help of which we can immediately turn from the cradle into a talented artist or a brilliant writer. These inclinations should be developed, the child should be provided with the right educational environment, then they will bear fruit. Otherwise, they will remain deeply hidden even from the owner of the abilities. The need for education and development is determined by the conditions for personal development.

Geneticist N.P. Dubinin insists that it is not transmitted from parents to children. This may upset academics, but it will give hope to those who have not even completed the school curriculum. However, the type of thinking is transmitted, without reference to the quality of thinking abilities.

Bad habits of mothers and fathers always affect their offspring: alcoholism, drug addiction, mental illness make their own negative adjustments to the inheritance of abilities and intelligence.

Environment as a factor in personality development

In addition to heredity, there are other factors that are important in the formation of a person. The influence of society on personal development is colossal. Everyone knows stories about “Mowgli” children who were accidentally found, living for years outside of society, far in the forests, fed by wolves and monkeys. They are not adapted to normal life; the degree of maturity remains at the level of 4-5 year old children even after many years of rehabilitation with special education teachers and psychologists.

Leading factors influencing a person’s personality

Positive character traits of a person - what applies to them

In sociology, personality is a set of important social qualities that characterize a person as a part of society. A developed person is the opposite of a mass personality; he is distinguished by the desire to move forward, the desire to achieve results.

Personality among the crowd

Factors are divided into external and internal. External ones are living conditions and relationships in society, internal ones are a person’s personal activity.

Among all the factors, the main ones are:

1. Heredity is a set of skills that are passed on to a newborn from its parents. Each person has his own genotype, which determines hereditary predisposition;
2. Education is a system of artificially instilled skills and abilities. The upbringing of the child in childhood and his desire to independently continue his development at a conscious age depend on the parents. This also includes pedagogical education at school, the formation of safe individual behavior;
3. Environment is a set of conditions and circumstances under which a person grows, learns and interacts with his environment. The environment can be geographical - the boundaries of the country of residence, its climate and traditions. The home environment means the living conditions of an individual family, the social environment means the person’s environment.

Note! The hereditary factor influences life, but a person’s desire to succeed in any area can be stronger than genetics. For example, a hereditary predisposition to the exact sciences does not mean that a person will not be able to achieve success in creativity.

Social development of personality

Every day a person is forced to be in society, thus maintaining social connections. Every day there is communication with different people under different circumstances, which affects the individual. The social component of life is reflected in mental development, the formation of spiritual values ​​and, most importantly, a person’s intelligence.

Consciousness and self-awareness must be determined in a person. As an individual, you must have the ability to think and make decisions independently. If this is reflected in a person, then he will be considered a person.

Society can define the personality of a person who is able to comprehend and apply existing social experience.

On the other hand, it is necessary to contribute to the development of this system, namely in the sphere of spirituality and material values. This requires personal growth and a constant desire for self-development and self-improvement.

Since ancient times, there have been debates between philosophers and scientists on the issues and features of personality formation. However, it is worth recognizing that this process has not yet been sufficiently understood and studied.

The formation of a person can be described as a process that cannot be predicted in advance. It is spontaneous and uncontrollable. There are opinions that it is impossible to change a person’s personality because this process is determined by fate and innate characteristics. But there are also opposing opinions.

The role of parenting

Causes of conflicts - the main factors that can influence this

Personality is always formed under the influence of many factors, but education plays the main role among them. It depends on the parents whether the child will be drawn to knowledge, his concentration and desire to explore the world. In early childhood, children begin to learn the rules and norms of behavior in society.

Family reading a book

Education can be spontaneous (chaotic) and purposeful. Spontaneous education is interconnected with everyday life; the child gains knowledge through trial and error. Purposeful education is an orderly process of teaching by parents and teachers with the goal of instilling in a child good manners, rules of behavior and life values.

What influences the success of the educational process in the family:

• Parental awareness is the main criterion for a successful process. Spouses must understand the goals and objectives of raising their child;
• Compliance of family education with the curriculum of kindergarten and school. Often, the desire of parents to instill positive qualities in their child coincides with generally accepted educational systems, but their actions must be parallel. For example, if rules of etiquette are taught at school, they should be practically reinforced at home;
• Family life and equality. Spouses must act together and raise the child according to the same rules. For example, if mom forbids eating sweets, but dad doesn’t, the child will not figure out what the right decision is and who is wrong. Mom will be strict for him, and dad will be kind;
• The ability of parents to combine love, respect and severity in their attitude. Strict upbringing forms complexes in a child, and constant affection and indulgence of all desires make him an egoist;
• The presence of parental authority in the eyes of the child. Children must respect their parents; for this, mom and dad must set a good example. Authority is formed when children see how their parents successfully combine work and social activities. Spouses should be interested in the child’s life; they can point out his mistakes and help correct them;
• Parents' relationships. Children should grow up in a family where spouses respect each other's opinions. Otherwise, the child will show disrespect towards peers and teachers.

Note! If a child has been abused by his father or mother, he may do the same to others in the future and become a criminal.

When and how a child’s personality is formed. One of the opinions

Parents always want only the best for their children. We strive to give everything that we did not have. We are trying to create the best conditions for development. We make every effort to make our child a worthy person. Every mother has read mountains of literature trying to find the perfect recipe for raising a child. I propose to look at the education process from another angle. Perhaps this will help sort out all the knowledge that you already have.

Lately I have had to deal with different points of view. Let me introduce you to several opinions:

• personality is laid in the first three
• five years of life;
• this happens in the first months;
• it occurs at the time of birth;
• everything is laid in the womb;
• the determining factor is the moment of conception;
• everything is determined by genetics;
• family determines everything;
• everything is determined by society, etc.

I will say right away: each of the above theories has a place and reflects reality.

If we look at personality development from the point of view of the subtle body, namely the chakra system, we will see: development occurs in a spiral. A person regularly passes through each chakra, learning one lesson or another. Each time the turn gets higher, but the chakras are the same. For the purposes of this article, we will not discuss chakras: this is not so important here. I mentioned them only to show where there are so many opinions about what period the formation took place.

The most advanced researchers agree that human personality is formed at the very beginning. But the beginning keeps slipping away. Every time something appears that was even earlier.

Modern science is limited by the absence of such a variable as reincarnation. If scientists included this factor in their calculations, many things would fall into place.

Now let's add this variable and see what happens.

If we take into account the process of reincarnation and the effect of karma, we will get an answer to the question: “Why are people so different, and why do children in the same family have such different destinies?”

As Vedic scriptures say, the soul, according to the actions of the past life, moves to the next.

To put it into everyday language, imagine that you need to get from point A to point B. You can go on foot, by car, by plane, in economy or business class. Each person will choose the option that he can afford. But the size of the pocket is determined by past efforts.

Here we come to the most interesting part: what should we do with this information? On the one hand, it turns out that there is no point in raising a child, in shaping him, since everything is already determined by his past. This is partly true, it is worth thinking about this for those parents who have set themselves the goal of making their child a lawyer, artist, architect, or another of their unfulfilled or fulfilled dreams. Indeed, it is very difficult to influence karma that has been formed over an infinite number of lives. Our lives are practically written down to the minute.

This is only one side, but there is another.

A person has no control over another person's karma, destiny or personality. But we have power over ourselves. Our children come with formed karma to be born and raised by certain parents. Here, by “certain parents” I mean the level and quality of energy.

It is according to our potential that certain souls come to us. The wise say: it makes sense to first take care of your energy, your worldview. Understand what is temporary and what is permanent. Then there is more opportunity to attract a conscious soul. Such a child will become a gift himself and will help his parents on the path of self-development.

Looking at the children of practitioners, I see how very different their children are. The differences are usually in awareness. In a deeper understanding of the world and, as a result, a more conscious life.

Many in this place may ask the question: “What should I do if I already have children, but I learned about karma, reincarnation or only now?”

There is an answer to this question: engage with your energy. You will not change the karma that your child has, but you don’t know what it is. If you now take the path of self-development, change your energy, this will mean that the soul whose parents should have taken the path has come to you.

We have no power over the destinies of others, we cannot force a child to live the life that we consider correct, and at different stages of life we ​​consider different things to be correct. But what we can really do is change our energy. It is the level and quality of our energy that determines the reality in which we find ourselves. But that's a completely different story.

I will answer the question asked in the title.

When is a child’s personality formed? - In past lives.

How is a child's personality formed? – This happens under the influence of the actions that a person commits in the past.

Any past is our present; shape your and your children’s future today.

Author of the article Denis Malinov.

How socialization and environment influence

Types of communication in psychology - what they include, its functions

Socialization is the process of development of the human personality in accordance with the rules of behavior in society. The process of social formation begins in early childhood and stops when a person is able to take responsibility for his actions. This process does not end - throughout life the individual supplements and consolidates his knowledge.

Person in a team

Society forms social standards and stereotypes of behavior (at school, at college, at work); in order not to be left out, the individual must learn these rules. First, the individual acquires the general behavioral traits of the social group in which he is located. Over time, individual traits are developed that make it possible to realize the inclinations and opportunities inherent in his genotype.

Stages of socialization using the example of studying at the university:

1. Adaptation. The teenager has found himself in a new environment and is learning the rules of behavior;
2. Integration. Having understood the principles of work, the student joins the new team and undertakes to comply with the accepted rules;
3. Self-development. Having got used to the new rules, the student begins to gain knowledge and develop;
4. Self-regulation. The student independently controls his actions and progress.

The environment can have both positive and negative influences on an individual. For example, if a child with average performance is placed in a class with more developed children, his performance will increase in a short time. In the opposite situation, if a student ends up in a group of C students, he will stop studying and his performance will drop.

With age, a person is able to independently choose his environment if the previous environment does not suit him. What environmental characteristics help personality development:

• Success. It is a proven fact that people who achieve significant success inspire and force others to develop;
• Respect. It is impossible to develop if you receive insults from society. This rule works for school, work and family;
• High intelligence and level of culture. Having surrounded himself with smart and reasonable people, a person begins to look up to them and engage in his own development;
• Health. By surrounding himself with athletic and healthy people, an individual strives to maintain his physical shape. A smoker in the company of healthy people eventually begins to think about getting rid of the bad habit.

Note! Factors influencing the formation and development of a child’s personality largely depend on the parents. Children do not have the opportunity to choose their environment independently. They can choose who they interact with in class, but their parents choose which school they attend. You should pay attention to how your child is treated by his classmates and teachers.

Important points in the emergence of personal qualities

How can one influence a person’s successful development in life, based on the factors and prerequisites for personal development? Very simple! Try to make his stay in society as comfortable as possible and provide him with help in self-realization.

Improving outside influence

If we take into account external reasons, then it is worth trying to surround the person with due attention and care, try to give her the right upbringing and provide an adequate environment whose behavior can be compared to.

Here, the main development begins in childhood, and largely depends on the work of parents, relatives and teachers. Because of mistakes in the spiritual education of children, their happy future often collapses or complexes arise that prevent them from realizing themselves in society.

As for a more mature age, self-improvement will require much more strength and courage, because you will have to radically reconsider some of your actions and understand whether they are correct or require some adjustments.

Strict self-discipline

If we take internal individual reasons, then there is little that can be done to influence the individual. After all, self-education, discipline and internal control of the person himself play a significant role here. In this case, all responsibility for restructuring his thoughts and actions, and his entire perception of the world as a whole, falls squarely on his shoulders.

By being closely involved in raising a child from his very birth, you can help him gain some internal “engines” in understanding the world and increase his perceptual activity. This is done through educational games, teaching him to work and help adults.

Any genetic feature is your unique highlight

As for the biological factors of development and personality formation, it is worth taking into account the genetic characteristics and prerequisites of the individual. To be more precise, it is worth taking care in advance to ensure that some hereditary diseases do not worsen or, in principle, do not make themselves felt.

Here we need prevention and more careful care of health and mental state. If you look from a positive point of view, then it is best to develop positive genetic predispositions on the contrary. Over time, these abilities can be transformed into talent and help in a person’s self-realization.

The role of public opinion in the emergence of personality

The social environment plays an important role in the emergence of individuality. Each of us lives in society, so we need to learn how to interact with it. To be realized here, you will need developed communication skills. They can be easily achieved through frequent direct communication with people around you. In childhood, this can be communication with parents, and subsequently with teachers and friends.

This factor in human personality development can also be improved in adulthood. For example, reconsider your social circle, using observation methods to understand how it influences you and whether it brings the development that you strive for. The social factor consists of the influence of society on a person. This may be the political situation in the country where the individual lives, or his religious preferences, the influence of the media and social norms and orders.

What makes us us?

It is worth understanding that the factors that determine personality development are important in the process of self-improvement. It is impossible to achieve growth if even one of them suffers. That is, if you are in a bad team that negatively affects you, preventing you from achieving significant goals, then the question immediately arises: did you make the right choice?

Man makes his own way

In addition to supervision and training, it is very important that the individual himself wants to develop and strives to improve his existing skills. In most cases, he himself determines his future, constantly making choices. That is, a person chooses his political and spiritual preferences, hobbies and likes, this turns him into a person. And further factors and prerequisites for personal development help him in this.

Is it possible to influence the formation process

The development of a child’s personality is the task of parents; they can influence the formation process. The character of the child and his personal development are influenced by the behavior of the parents, how they talk to him, whether they scold him or not.

From 2 to 7 years old, children begin to interact with peers and teachers. From 7 to 18 years of age, parents continue to raise the child, control his environment so that he grows up to be a full-fledged and educated person.

Baby climbing up books

At a conscious age, a person can independently influence his development, provided that he had the right upbringing. Heredity cannot be changed, but its negative manifestations can be fought, and its positive manifestations can be used to your advantage. His well-being, health and level of intelligence completely depend on a person.

Note! Children with congenital abnormalities and brain disorders develop individually. Health problems can hinder a child's development, even if he grows up in a favorable environment.

At what age does personality development occur?

Psychologists say that a person develops unevenly at different periods of life. Up to a certain age, children actively learn new things, after which their development slows down.

How development changes at different ages:

• In preschool age, the child learns general knowledge from parents and educators, which will serve as the basis for further development;
• At the age of 6-16 years, a child is influenced by all factors in the formation of a full-fledged personality; upbringing and socialization play the main role. Beliefs, personal opinions and outlook on life are formed;
• From 17 to 26 years of age, maximum receptivity to learning, the ability to analyze and draw conclusions are observed. It is at this age that a person receives higher education in the chosen field of activity;
• Between 26 and 30 years, processes slow down, a decline in attention and memory loss are observed;
• By the age of 30-34, a new leap in development may occur, when a person begins to master his chosen profession in practice, his brain is actively working;
• At 35-40 years old, the individual continues to develop according to the same pattern, but at a slower pace;
• After 40 years, the level of thinking, memory and attention decreases.

Note! Age cannot limit personal desire. Some people actively develop from 18 to 25 years old, after which they decline. By the age of 30, some people find their place in life, change jobs and social circles.

Throughout their lives, people grow and gain new knowledge and skills. In pedagogy, the factors of development of a full-fledged personality are the driving forces that contribute to the realization of a person. A successful personality type is not inherited; human development is largely influenced by upbringing and environment.

Family and education in matters of personality development

The influence of upbringing on personality development is as important as heredity and environment. Sometimes, it is upbringing that can correct the formation of a person with bad heredity or who grew up in a bad environment.

Education as a factor in personality development manifests itself in childhood. Initially, the main role in this process is played by parents, teaching the baby to eat, sleep, and dress independently. Then comes the turn of kindergartens and schools, in which educational rights are transferred to educators and teachers. But at the same time, it is important not to stop the educational process at home, revealing to the child the norms of morality, honor, and dignity. Not all school teachers are able to weave ethical and aesthetic aspects into a purely educational subject process.

The influence of upbringing on the development of personality by parents will always be more important than any other. The attitude of parents towards the child, the chosen vector of interaction with the child, the amount of time and attention devoted to him is reflected in the entire future life of a person, forming the fundamental basis.