What it is
In the picture plan, points are indicated not by words (or not only by words), but also by graphic images.
The most ancient plans in pictures were drawn by primitive people on the walls of caves, when they successively depicted the process of hunting: a man takes a bow or a spear - a man runs after an animal - an arrow or spear sticks out of a killed animal. This scheme performs the main function - it reflects the sequence of key episodes, their logic through emotional, figurative perception.
This is not just a set of illustrations; for example, what is a picture plan for a story - this is a breakdown of the text into semantic parts, each of which is expressed through a picture image.
This method of composition is suitable for preschoolers and children in primary school, who are more comfortable operating with concrete visual images than with abstract structures. And this is a full-fledged analytics, since it requires a conscious understanding of the text, dividing it into passages, searching for relationships between its parts, and develops children’s thinking and speech.
This technique has proven itself well in working with children with speech impairments. Such children perceive visual images more easily than words and step by step, from picture to picture, reconstructing the course of events in the text, they learn coherent monologue speech.
For middle and older schoolchildren, this technique is rarely used, but it is also useful for maintaining the ability to open emotional perception.
Plan and leader
When drawing up a plan, the degree of participation of the manager in its development plays an important role. His participation in drawing up the plan increases the prestige of this management tool, as well as responsibility for its implementation.
Planning is necessary due to the following factors:
- forces the manager to fundamentally study the prospects of the company;
- allows for the clearest coordination to achieve set goals;
- determines the indicators by which the company’s activities will be monitored;
- encourages the manager to more specifically define his goals and ways to achieve them;
- the plan makes the company more resistant to sudden changes in the market situation;
- The plan allows you to clearly formulate the duties and responsibilities of all managers of the company.
How is it compiled?
There are several main types of work with picture plans:
- with ready-made ones, printed in a book, in teaching aids, etc.: in this case, the task is to tell by pictures or put confused illustrations in order, etc.;
- read or listen to the text and “draw” a plan based on it;
- a combination of the two previous ones: read or listen to the text, look at the pictures and decide whether all the episodes of the story are reflected in the illustrations. If not, which ones are missing, complete the missing ones yourself or supplement them with ready-made ones.
If you have homework from point 2, how to make a picture plan for a fairy tale or story:
- Read the work and determine its main theme.
- Divide the text into main semantic parts and formulate the content of each of them.
- Draw pictures for each part of the text.
- Read the entire text again, matching it with the plan.
- Try to retell the text using the pictures.
Why all this planning is needed?
I recently wrote a long post on the topic “My planning system.”
But why do all this planning? Is it really necessary to “plow around” like that with him? - I sometimes get asked such questions. Are you stuck in planning instead of taking action?
Let's imagine this ordinary morning :
At night you read an interesting book, promised yourself to remember the conclusions until the morning and do something with them. Regarding one idea, we decided to do something for ourselves. Regarding the other thing, share it with someone. Regarding the third, write a new blog post. The fourth is very vaguely remembered and cannot be grasped by the tail. It’s in the air, you need to somehow transform it into something concrete for yourself. And it's time to do other things. And you release it into a space with hundreds of other thoughts and things to do.
You get out of bed and see a missed call. You understand that you need to call this person and a bunch of other people back.
You check your mail and see a number of letters that provide specific steps, and some letters contain 10-20 steps (write to several people, do something yourself). There is no way to do them now, right away.
Then, while surfing the Internet, you see interesting information, and you also need to somehow save and process it. But there is no system where to save such information, so you also release it with an energy tail, which will, like another process in a computer, load your subconscious and someday will definitely pop up.
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A child runs up, and you remember, looking at him, that he needs to buy something and teach him something. And again, perhaps each item requires a number of steps - going to the store, buying the necessary books, getting into the habit of reading them to him every day. You also need to do exercises with him, find him a tutor, buy him high-quality children’s vitamins and feed him a healthy breakfast in the morning. And also read a book by some psychologist and yell at the child less. Ahhhh! No time today, tomorrow! But this will pop up in your head more than once and gnaw at you with discontent. A month later you realize that nothing has changed.
You’re making breakfast and remember that you should have bought oatmeal and more vitamins on Iherb a long time ago. They also remembered something yesterday, but forgot about it today. Something else needed to be bought. Something for the bathroom... I don’t remember.
Look outside the window - summer, the first rain, you need a new umbrella, but again you forgot to buy it.
Some thought is hovering in my head, five minutes ago they remembered about it, forgot about it again, remembered again, forgot again, oops, I ran out of shampoo for the dog a long time ago, and I keep forgetting to first study the information about which one is better, and then order it. The month has already passed since it ended.
And you promised to tell a friend or girlfriend about your latest find, he waits, but you keep forgetting - another outflow of energy into negativity due to annoyance that the promise was not fulfilled and the “tail” is hanging, as well as trying not to forget.
And there’s also something scratching inside - and it seems like there’s not enough money again until the next salary, we need to try to calculate everything.
And there is also dissatisfaction with the boss that has not been expressed to him, and most importantly, it is not clear what to do about it. I don’t want to run into trouble, whether he’s right or wrong is not clear, and most importantly, it’s not pleasant. And this ball also sits inside.
The faucet in the bathroom has broken again, it might be worth calling a repairman. Or should I try it myself or get on my husband again? It's also not clear. The decision has not been made, but it is not even realized whether it has been accepted or not. It is not clear what exactly the resource will be enough for—whether there is money for a master, or the strength and desire to make one’s own attempts, or whether there is the strength to beg the husband again. Or put it all off until next month? It’s just that all this comes out in a dark, not very pleasant trail.
And so on.
I’m still not dealing with problems at work, with several children, with difficulties in marriage.
This is so, a small piece of the morning of a person quite happy with his life, just with some chaos in his life. Not his most active, and with minimal involvement of other people.
In 30 minutes your brain will forget what was there before and what needed to be done. And he will plunge into a MUCH GREATER chaos of work affairs... What changes for the better can there be? It’s very difficult to run on the spot.
If (!) there is no habit of transforming all this into a plan and systematizing, then at least half will definitely remain unfulfilled. And a number of unfulfilled tasks will lead to problems.
You can unload your brain and accomplish most of your plans only by getting yourself a whole planning system and tailoring it to yourself.
A number of tools help you sort out this whole tangle:
- planning, lists - freewriting - putting things in order, working on systematizing all processes - the right environment that solves similar problems and gives ideas for solving them. - cleaning - putting everything in order. In the apartment, in life, in work projects, in plans, on the computer.
These are all skills and habits that need to be gradually introduced.
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I will give you all my personal tricks and life hacks, working tools for long-term planning, planning the day and living it effectively. With my personal support.
Join us! There are still places available.
I’d love to hear your thoughts, feedback, life hacks, and proven planning ideas!
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What are the requirements?
The general requirements for the picture plan are the same as for others:
- Structure. The number of images is equal to the number of episodes - semantic parts of the text, without omissions or repetitions.
- Subsequence. The images lined up have the same logic and sequence as in the text, reflecting its main elements, parts from beginning to end.
- Uniformity. The pictures do not have to be carbon copies, but they must match in general outline and size (if one episode is depicted much larger than another, is it more important?).
- Information content. As in the usual plan, in headings and subheadings a thought that is complete in form and clear in content is needed to support a correct retelling of the text; in a picture plan, it is necessary to depict the content of the episode. What is important here is not the beauty of the drawing (even if it turns out to be schematic), but the expressiveness and clarity of what is happening.
Here, for example, what is the picture plan for A.S. Pushkin’s fairy tale “On the Dead Princess and the Seven Knights” - these are not sequential “portraits” of the king, stepmother, princess, prince and heroes, but key “frames” of the narrative:
- A king with a little daughter in his arms, and a stepmother at a distance.
- The stepmother with a mirror in her hands gives an order to the kneeling little girl.
- The princess leaves the forest to the tower of the heroes.
- Bogatyrs and princess.
- The old lady gives the princess an apple.
- The heroes stand near the dead princess.
- Elisha asks about the princess from the sun, moon, and wind.
- Prince Elisha found the princess.
A similar technique is used not only for analyzing and retelling literary works, but also in other educational subjects: reference diagrams for planting plants, stories about natural phenomena, etc.
Compilation example
Picture plans are drawn up both for the whole work and for individual themes.
An example of a finished picture plan is a story about how the sea changes in Pushkin’s “The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish”:
- Start. “A net came with one fish...” - a picture with an old man and a caught fish on the shore of a calm sea.
- “He sees that the sea is a little wild...” - a picture of an old man by the sea with waves and small clouds.
- “The blue sea has become clouded...” - waves and clouds.
- “Restless blue sea...” - dark clouds in the sky, high waves.
- “The blue sea has turned black...” - dark sky, dark sea with high waves.
- “...there is a black storm at sea...” - black waves, wind, storm.